|
| Reference | Study drug | Study population and design | Study duration | Findings |
|
| Vasa et al. [77] | Atorvastatin 40 mg/day | 15 patients with coronary artery disease, no control group | 4 weeks | 1.5-fold ↑ in EPC count after 1 week
3-fold ↑ in EPC count after 4 weeks
↑ EPC functional activity |
|
|
del Papa et al. [78] | Simvastatin 20 mg/day | 40 patients
(20 hypercholesterolemic versus
20 normocholesterolemic patients with systemic sclerosis) | 4 weeks | Simvastatin ↑ EPC count in patients without systemic sclerosis
In patients with systemic sclerosis there was an attenuated response, mainly in patients with late disease |
|
| Westerweel et al. [79] | Simvastatin 80 mg/day versus simvastatin 10 mg/ezetimibe 10 mg/day | 20 obese patients with metabolic syndrome, randomized trial, crossover design | 6 + 6 weeks | ↑ EPC counts in both groups |
|
| Pesaro et al. [80] | Simvastatin 80 mg/day versus simvastatin 20 mg/ezetimibe 10 mg/day | 68 patients with LDL levels >70 mg/dL pretreated with simvastatin 20 mg, randomized trial | 6 weeks | No effect on EPC count in either group
Similar reduction in LDL levels in both groups |
|
| Hibbert et al. [81] | Atorvastatin 80 mg/day versus no statin | 20 male patients undergoing angiography for stent placement randomized to atorvastatin or no statin treatment | 4 days | 3.5-fold ↑ in EPC count in the statin group |
|
| Baran et al. [82] | Atorvastatin 40 mg/day versus placebo | 60 patients undergoing first-time CABG, placebo controlled, randomized double-blind study | 14 days | ↑ EPC count in atorvastatin group
↓ incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation in the statin group |
|
| Sobrino et al. [83] | Atorvastatin 20 mg/day | 48 patients with first ever nonlacunar ischaemic Stroke
16 patients receiving atorvastatin during the first 4 days | 7 days | ↑ EPC count in atorvastatin group
Effect probably due to NO related mechanisms |
|
| Huang et al. [84] | Atorvastatin 40 mg/day versus atorvastatin 10 mg/day | 100 patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy randomized to 10 mg or 40 mg of atorvastatin
Control group: 100 healthy volunteers | 1 year | 40 mg of atorvastatin had a more profound ↑ in EPC count
Higher dose of atorvastatin was associated with a more marked ↓ in total and LDL cholesterol, hsCRP, oxLDL, and circulating endothelial microparticles |
|
| Spadaccio et al. [85] | Atorvastatin 20 mg/day versus placebo | 50 patients undergoing elective coronary surgery, randomized crossover trial | 3 weeks | ↑ EPC count in atorvastatin group
SDF-1α, CSF, and VEGF unaffected |
|
| Leone et al. [86] | Atorvastatin 80 mg/day immediately versus 20 mg/day atorvastatin after hospital discharge | 40 patients with AMI undergoing PCI, randomized trial | 4 months | Larger dose of atorvastatin related to larger ↑ EPC count
LV volume, EF, and wall motion were similar in both groups after study completion |
|
| Lu et al. [87] | Pravastatin versus placebo versus Xuezhikang | 88 patients with essential hypertension, randomized trial | 8 weeks | ↑ EPC count and proliferative ability in pravastatin and Xuezhikang (contains lovastatin) group |
|
| Paradisi et al. [88] | Pravastatin 40 mg/day | 20 patients, healthy postmenopausal women, randomized, double-blind trial | 8 weeks | ↑ EPC colony forming units
↓ count of senescent cells |
|
| Tousoulis et al. [89] | Rosuvastatin 10 mg/day | 60 patients with systolic heart failure, randomized trial | 1 month | ↑ EPC count improved
No change in inflammatory and oxidative markers |
|
| Erbs et al. [90] | Rosuvastatin 40 mg/day versus placebo | 42 patients with chronic heart failure, randomized trial | 12 weeks | ↑ EPC count
↑ homing of EPC
↑ FMD, ↑VEGF |
|
| Yoshida et al. [91] | Pitavastatin 2 mg/day versus placebo | 30 male smokers, randomized trial | 4 weeks | No effect on EPC count
↑ FMD, ↓ markers of oxidative stress in pitavastatin group |
|
| Spiel et al. [92] | Simvastatin 80 mg/day versus rosuvastatin 10 mg/day versus placebo | 6 healthy volunteers, randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled, crossover study | 5 days | 3-fold ↑ EPC count in statin groups
Class effect? |
|
| Hristov et al. [93] | Low dose of statins (10/20 mg/day) versus high dose (40 mg/day) versus untreated | 209 CAD patients
(without statin: 65, low dose statin: 101, and higher dose statin: 43 patients) cross-sectional study | None | 40 mg/d of statin treatment has significantly ↓ EPC count
Lower doses had no impact on EPC count
Continuous statin therapy inversely correlated with EPC numbers |
|
