Determinants of Vitamin D Levels in Children and Adolescents with Down Syndrome

Table 1

Biochemical and demographic parameters in Down syndrome and healthy controls at baseline and at the end of the intervention.

	Baseline		End of the study
	Down	Controls	Down	Controls
25(OH)D, ng/mL	14.34 ± 8.31	27.04 ± 7.47	20.15 ± 10.88	28.27 ± 7.96
Children	14.26 ± 8.71	27.89 ± 6.00	19.00 ± 11.49	28.99 ± 6.22
Adolescents	14.45 ± 8.15	20.34 ± 8.45	22.09 ± 9.72	23.55 ± 9.03
Total calcium, mmol/L	2.42 ± 0.14	2.51 ± 0.10	2.44 ± 0.31	2.54 ± 0.19
Phosphorous, mmol/L	1.32 ± 0.24	1.30 ± 0.32	1.31 ± 0.33	1.32 ± 0.39
Bone specific alkaline phosphate, U/L	58.3 ± 20.1	100.1 ± 31.2	78.1 ± 25.6	100.9 ± 35.7
Parathyroid hormone, pmol/L	54.76 ± 32.15	26.13 ± 10.76	43.57 ± 14.05	26.89 ± 13.56
Cholecalciferol dietary intake, IU/day	130 ± 38	143 ± 46	164 ± 46	179 ± 63
Calcium intake, mg/day	796 ± 283	821 ± 256	846 ± 256	889 ± 221
Children	810 ± 270	835 ± 285	864 ± 231	898 ± 200
Adolescents	755 ± 290	790 ± 235	812 ± 277	856 ± 231
Systolic BP, mmHg	115.9 ± 8.7	111.3 ± 8.4	113.1 ± 7.7	111.6 ± 7.5
Diastolic BP, mmHg	68.2 ± 8.9	65.7 ± 8.3	66.7 ± 7.9	65.1 ± 8.0
Total cholesterol, mmol/L	4.05 ± 0.57	3.43 ± 0.61	3.73 ± 0.58	3.27 ± 0.52
LDL cholesterol, mmol/L	3.00 ± 0.50	2.82 ± 0.48	2.85 ± 0.56	2.78 ± 0.60
Triglycerides, mmol/L	1.68 ± 0.48	1.53 ± 0.41	1.51 ± 0.39	1.60 ± 0.37

Down syndrome versus controls cross-sectional evaluation: < 0.005; < 0.0005.  Controls (children) versus controls (adolescents) cross-sectional evaluation: . Down syndrome versus Down syndrome longitudinal evaluation: ; . ^#Down syndrome versus controls longitudinal evaluation: ; . Controls versus controls longitudinal evaluation: ;  . ^!Controls (children) versus controls (adolescents) longitudinal evaluation: < 0.0005.