The Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Obese Children and Adolescents in Dalmatia: A Hospital Based Study

Table 4

Anthropometric and biochemical characteristics of children with and without MS.

Parameter	Without MS ()	With MS ()
Age (yr)	12.74 ± 2.65	13.87 ± 2.66	0.007
Gender, (%)
Male	70 (50.0)	34 (55.7)	0.454
Female	70 (50.0)	27 (44.3)
Height (cm)	161.20 ± 13.81	167.10 ± 14.79	0.010
Weight (kg)	81.80 ± 20.72	93.41 ± 21.99	<0.001
BMI (kg/m^2)	30.99 ± 4.46	32.85 ± 4.65	0.010
BMI score	2.97 ± 0.53	3.07 ± 0.46	0.187
Acanthosis	77 (55.0)	29 (47.5)	0.330
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)	4.43 ± 0.83	4.35 ± 0.80	0.521
Triglycerides (mmol/L)	1.17 ± 0.48	1.90 ± 0.93	<0.001
HDL^† (mmol/L)	1.35 ± 0.37	1.04 ± 0.24	<0.001
LDL^‡ (mmol/L)	2.47 ± 0.79	2.51 ± 0.74	0.743
Fasting glucose (mmol/L)	4.789 ± 0.46	4.93 ± 0.65	0.132
Glucose 120 min (mmol/L)	6.00 ± 1.16	6.43 ± 1.26	0.027
Fasting insulin (mIU/L)	21.71 ± 14.94	22.42 ± 13.32	0.738
Insulin 120 min (mIU/L)	78.05 ± 77.93	89.45 ± 64.27	0.285
HOMA-IR	4.64 ± 3.23	4.97 ± 3.27	0.523
ISI^‖	3.59 ± 2.78	2.87 ± 1.89	0.036
SBP (mmHg)	123.50 ± 14.37	134.80 ± 16.45	<0.001
DBP (mmHg)	79.00 ± 9.42	84.43 ± 10.12	<0.001

BMI: body mass index, ^†HDL: high-density lipoproteins, ^‡LDL: low density lipoproteins, HOMA-IR: homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance, ^‖ISI: Matsuda index, SBP: systolic blood pressure, and DBP: diastolic blood pressure.