How to Achieve High-Quality Oocytes? The Key Role of Myo-Inositol and Melatonin

Table 1

Effects of melatonin supplementation therapy (adding in oocytes culture or orally administered to patients) during ART.

Authors	Species	Melatonin; in vitro/in vivo	Patients number (tot)	Intervention/control; number	Technique	Significant outcomes; ()
Lord et al. 2013 [36]	Mouse	Adding M in oocyte culture medium				(i) Increased number of oocytes that reached blastocyst stage
Kang et al. 2009 [37]	Porcine	Adding M in oocyte culture medium				(i) Increased mature oocyte
Tamura et al. 2008 [32]	Human	Orally administered M (3 mg/day)	115	56 versus 56; nontreated 1° cycle versus treated 2° cycle	IVF-ET	(i) Improved fertilization rate
		M (3 mg/day) versus Vit. E (600 mg/day) versus M + Vit. E (3 mg + 600 mg/day)	18	59 versus 59 nontreated 1° cycle versus nontreated 2° cycle		(i) Reduced 8-OHdG in FF; (ii) Increased in FF in treated patient.
Kim et al. 2013 [33]	Human	Adding M in oocyte culture medium	111	62/49	IVM; IVF-ET	(i) Increased mature oocyte; (ii) Increased implantation
Batioglu et al. 2012 [39]	Human	Orally administered M (3 mg/day)	85	40/45	IVF-ET	(i) Increased mature oocyte; (ii) Increased good quality embryos
Eryilmaz et al. 2011 [40]	Human	Orally administered M (3 mg/day)	60	30/30	IVF-ET	(i) Increased mature oocyte; (ii) Increased good quality embryos
Nishihara et al. 2014 [41]	Human	Orally administered M (3 mg/day)	97	97/97; (control of itself)	IVF; ICSI	(i) Improved fertilization with ICSI; (ii) Improved fertilization in poor responder; (iii) Improved good quality embryos

M: melatonin; Vit. E: vitamin E; IVF: in vitro fertilization; ET: embryo transfer; IVM: in vitro maturation; ICSI: intracytoplasmic sperm injection; 8-OHdG: 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine.