Influence of Androgen Receptor Gene CAG and GGC Polymorphisms on Male Sexual Function: A Cross-Sectional Study
Table 1
Clinical, hormonal, and genetic characteristics of the studied subjects.
Total sample
Hypogonadal subjects
Eugonadal subjects
Age (years)
64 (59.5–69.5)
69 (68–73)
59.5 (57.7–61.2)
<0.001
BMI (kg/m2)
28 (25.5–30.9)
27.8 (25.9–34.9)
28.4 (25–29.9)
NS
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (no/yes) (%)
39/46 (54.1)
12/31 (72.1)
27/15 (35.7)
0.001
Dyslipidemia (no/yes) (%)
47/38 (44.7)
23/20 (46.5)
24/18 (42.9)
NS
Hypertension (no/yes) (%)
48/37 (43.5)
23/20 (46.5)
25/17 (40.5)
NS
Smoking habit (no/yes) (%)
31/54 (63.5)
14/29 (67.4)
17/25 (59.5)
NS
FSH (IU/L)
12.5 (7.3–17.2)
17.2 (12.9–22.9)
8.2 (3.4–11.8)
<0.001
LH (IU/L)
10.8 (4–15.6)
15.6 (12.8–19.1)
4 (2.7–7.3)
<0.001
Total testosterone (ng/mL)
2.97 (2.73–5.12)
2.75 (2.28–2.88)
5.1 (4.3–6)
<0.001
Free testosterone (pg/mL)
63.8 (52.7–119)
52.8 (45–57.9)
119 (96.3–138.2)
<0.001
SHBG (nmol/L)
30.6 ± 3.48
32.1 (28.6–34.5)
30.4 (28.1–32.2)
NS
Estradiol (pg/mL)
16.5 (7.7–31.8)
7.8 (5.6–11.5)
31.8 (27.2–37.1)
<0.001
CAG repeats
18 (14–21)
19 (14–21)
17 (14–19.2)
NS
GGC repeats
19 (17–21)
18 (16–22)
20 (18–21)
NS
EF
17 (10–22)
10 (8–13)
22 (21–24)
<0.001
OF
7 (5–9)
5 (4–6)
9 (8‐9)
<0.001
SD
7 (4–8)
4 (4–6)
8 (8‐8)
<0.001
IS
8 (6–13)
6 (6‐7)
13 (12.7–13)
<0.001
OS
4 (3–9)
3 (3‐4)
9 (8‐9)
<0.001
Total IIEF-15 score
43 (29–61)
29 (25–36)
61 (57.7–63)
<0.001
Continuous variables are presented as mean ± standard deviation if normally distributed or as median (interquartile range) if not normally distributed. Comparison between hypogonadal and eugonadal subjects. BMI = body mass index; SHBG = sexual hormone binding globulin; EF = erectile function; OF = orgasmic function; SD = sexual desire; IS = intercourse satisfaction; OS = overall satisfaction; IIEF = International Index of Erectile Function; NS, not significant.
