The Roles of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK/ERK Signaling Pathways in Human Pheochromocytomas

Table 1

Patients’ information.

Patient	Gender	Age at diagnosis; (years)	Location	Genetic background	Tumor size (cm)	Urinary; norepinephrine; (μg/24 h)	Urinary; epinephrine; (μg/24 h)	Urinary; dopamine; (μg/24 h)
N1	F	72	Adrenal	N	3.0	22.4	3.7	156.6
N2	F	57	Adrenal	N	4.0	19.3	1.9	181.3
N3	F	40	Adrenal	N	4.7	16.9	1.5	67.9
N4	M	59	Adrenal	N	6.3	100.9	2.8	140.1
N5	F	26	Adrenal	N	4.0	20.4	2.3	135.7
N6	M	40	Adrenal	N	5.0	177.1	1.1	256.6
D1	F	47	Adrenal	SDHD	8.0	215.0	2.8	311.1
B1	M	26	Retroperitoneal	SDHB	5.0	138.9	2.3	1046.5
B2	M	62	Adrenal	SDHB	3.7	15.4	1.9	177.4
B3	F	48	Retroperitoneal	SDHB	9.0	121.4	1.8	147.1
V1	M	21	Adrenal	VHL	7.5	937.5	2.3	127.3
V2	F	34	Adrenal and; retroperitoneal	VHL	4.5 (adrenal)/4.0 (retroperitoneal)	239.2	13.3	153.8
V3	M	8	Adrenal	VHL	4.0	214.1	4.6	98.3
R1	F	33	Adrenal	RET	3.7	13.9	2.7	237.6
R2	F	30	Adrenal	RET	5.0	21.2	5.3	456.2
R3	M	49	Adrenal	RET	2.4	20.8	3.5	326.3
R4	F	27	Adrenal	RET	7.3	20.5	3.0	163.2
R5	F	45	Adrenal	RET	6.9	315.3	2.6	268.8

N: PPGL without gene mutation of SDHB, SDHC, SDHD, VHL, and RET; M: male; F: female. Reference range: urinary norepinephrine 16.7–40.7 μg/24 h; urinary epinephrine 1.7–6.4 μg/24 h; urinary dopamine 120.9–330.6 μg/24 h.