Research Article
Midkine: A Novel Biomarker to Predict Malignancy in Patients with Nodular Thyroid Disease
Table 3
The relationship between SMK/NMK concentrations and fine needle aspiration cytology/histopathology results.
| | SMK (median) (min–max) | Mean ± SD | 95% CI | NMK (median) (min–max) | Mean ± SD | 95% CI |
| Cytopathology | | | | | | | Benign () | 0.60 (0.30–4.97) | 0.77 ± 0.65 | 0.62–0.93 | 0.52 (0.35–1.73) | 0.55 ± 0.21 | 0.50–0.60 | Suspicious/ malignant () | 1.37 (0.50–4.13) | 1.47 ± 1.11 | 0.61–2.32 | 0.62 (0.43–1.50) | 0.72 ± 0.31 | 0.48–0.96 | | 0.005 | <0.001 | 0.015 | 0.005 | Histopathology | | | | | | | Follicular adenoma/ nodular hyperplasia () | 0.63 (0.30–4.13) | 0.78 ± 0.71 | 0.50–1.06 | 0.55 (0.35–1.50) | 0.55 ± 0.20 | 0.47–0.64 | Differentiated thyroid cancer () | 1.04 (0.48–1.53) | 1.03 ± 0.42 | 0.58–1.47 | 0.57 (0.48–0.80) | 0.59 ± 0.13 | 0.46–0.73 | | 0.066 | <0.001 | 0.341 | 0.050 |
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