Elevated Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen, Cytokeratin 19 Fragment, and Carcinoembryonic Antigen Levels in Diabetic Nephropathy

Table 4

Associations of urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio with tumor marker status (positive or negative) in diabetic patients.

	Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio
	<30	30–299	≥300	for trend
SCC positive
Model 1	Ref.	1.023 (0.506–2.067)	2.584 (1.313–5.083)	0.002
Model 2	Ref.	1.113 (0.815–3.569)	2.552 (1.297–5.021)	0.003
Cyfra21-1 positive
Model 1	Ref.	2.388 (1.278–4.460)	4.000 (2.097–7.630)	<0.001
Model 2	Ref.	1.952 (1.010–3.774)	2.443 (1.054–5.664)	0.026
CEA positive
Model 1	Ref.	0.996 (0.362–1.748)	2.783 (1.336–5.800)	0.006
Model 2	Ref.	1.275 (0.440–3.691)	2.299 (1.077–4.907)	0.035

Data were odds ratio (95% confidence interval). ; ; . SCC: squamous cell carninoma antigen; Cyfra21-1: cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen 21-1; CEA: carcinoembryonic antigen. Model 1 was unadjusted. Model 2 included terms for age, sex, BMI, duration of diabetes, FPG, HbA1C, eGFR current smoking and current drinking, hypertension, and use of ACEI/ARB. SCC positive was defined as serum SCC level ≥ 1.5 ng/ml; Cyfra21-1 positive was defined as serum Cyfra21-1 level ≥ 3.3 ng/ml; CEA positive was defined as serum CEA level ≥ 5.0 ng/ml.