Relationship between IGF-I Concentration and Metabolic Profile in Children with Growth Hormone Deficiency: The Influence of Children’s Nutritional State as well as the Ghrelin, Leptin, Adiponectin, and Resistin Serum Concentrations

Table 1

Auxological data and hormonal test results in GHD children and in controls.

Group	GHD	Controls
Number of children (girls/boys)	26 (11/15)	39 (12/27)
Chronological age (years)	10.91 ± 2.55	10.87 ± 3.12
Height SDS	−2.53 ± 0.56^a	−0.58 ± 1.11^a
BMI (kg/m^2)	18.51 ± 3.64	18.23 ± 3.51
BMI SDS for CA	0.37 ± 1.47	0.15 ± 1.12
BMI SDS for HA	0.94 ± 1.70^b	0.31 ± 1.14^b
IGF-I (ng/ml)	184.18 ± 85.61	208.13 ± 123.77
IGF-I SDS	−1.21 ± 0.90^b	−0.29 ± 1.03^b
IGFBP-3 (μg/ml)	4.49 ± 1.28	4.65 ± 1.10
IGF-I/IGFBP-3 molar ratio	0.25 ± 0.12	0.24 ± 0.14
Ghrelin (pg/ml)	1352.03 ± 715.75^b	1064.10 ± 493.39^b
Leptin (ng/ml)	13.09 ± 11.72^b	7.74 ± 9.14^b
Adiponectin (ng/ml)	19.18 ± 12.58	17.71 ± 8.12
Resistin (ng/ml)	9.44 ± 2.90^b	12.68 ± 6.33^b
Triglycerides (mg/dl)	84.71 ± 34.17^b	63.47 ± 26.64^b
Total cholesterol (mg/dl)	171.70 ± 33.91	162.00 ± 31.60
LDL cholesterol (mg/dl)	96.63 ± 31.43	86.79 ± 23.96
HDL cholesterol (mg/dl)	60.19 ± 14.21	62.84 ± 15.65
Glucose 0′ (mg/dl)	84.29 ± 8.01	85.10 ± 6.24
Insulin 0′ (uIU/ml)	7.67 ± 4.20	6.93 ± 4.16
IRI HOMA	1.70 ± 0.99	1.47 ± 0.93

Data are presented as the means ± SD. GHD: growth hormone deficiency; SDS: standard deviation score; BMI: body mass index; CA: chronological age; HA: height age; IGF-I: insulin-like growth factor I; IGFBP-3: insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3; LDL-cholesterol: low density lipoprotein-cholesterol; HDL-cholesterol: high density lipoprotein-cholesterol; IRI HOMA: insulin resistance index according to homeostasis model assessment. In the individual rows of the table, the variables designated with the same letters differ significantly from each other with ^a and ^b. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for group comparison.