Higher Ratio of Abdominal Subcutaneous to Visceral Adipose Tissue Related with Preservation of Islet β-Cell Function in Healthy Individuals

Table 3

The multivariate-adjusted association of SVR with glucose metabolism in the stepwise linear/logistic regression analysis.

Healthy group ()		MD group ()		Hyperglycemia group ()
Beta/OR (95% CI)	value	Beta (95% CI)	value	Beta/OR (95% CI)	value
Log HOMA-IR
Model 1 −0.036 (−0.061, −0.010)	0.006	−0.021 (−0.047, 0.005)	0.110	−0.060 (−0.107, −0.012)	0.014
Model 2 −0.048 (−0.072, −0.024)	0.000	−0.040 (−0.067, −0.014)	0.003	−0.051 (−0.094, −0.008)	0.021
Model 3 0.002 (0.001, 0.003)	0.010	−0.027 (−0.049, −0.004)	0.021	−0.061 (−0.103, −0.020)	0.004
Log Matsuda index
Model 1 0.033 (0.009, 0.057)	0.007	0.035 (0.011, 0.059)	0.005	0.064 (0.022, 0.107)	0.003
Model 2 0.050 (0.027, 0.073)	0.000	0.049 (0.024, 0.074)	0.000	0.054 (0.016, 0.092)	0.006
Model 3 0.040 (0.017, 0.062)	0.001	0.037 (0.015, 0.059)	0.001	0.040 (0.003, 0.078)	0.036
Log early phase DI
Model 1 0.023 (0.003, 0.042)	0.025	0.012 (−0.006, 0.030)	0.197	0.014 (−0.035, 0.063)	0.661
Model 2 0.023 (0.004, 0.041)	0.017	0.012 (−0.006, 0.030)	0.197	0.014 (−0.035, 0.063)	0.661
Model 3 0.018 (0.001, 0.035)	0.038	0.006 (−0.009, 0.022)	0.416	0.008 (−0.019, 0.039)	0.501
Log late phase DI				High late-phase DI^a
Model 1 0.020 (0.006, 0.035)	0.007	0.008 (−0.008, 0.023)	0.332	1.013 (0.636, 1.614)	0.956
Model 2 0.020 (0.006, 0.035)	0.006	0.007 (−0.008, 0.023)	0.335	1.558 (0.522, 4.651)	0.427
Model 3 0.018 (0.005, 0.031)	0.008	0.002 (−0.010, 0.015)	0.688	1.426 (0.414, 4.909)	0.574
High basal DI^b
Model 1 1.269 (0.984, 1.636)	0.067	1.139 (0.902, 1.439)	0.273	1.081 (0.670, 1.743)	0.750
Model 2 1.372 (0.820, 2.298)	0.229	1.112 (0.772, 1.600)	0.569	0.651 (0.207, 2.042)	0.462
Model 3 1.352 (0.791, 2.310)	0.270	1.232 (0.841, 1.804)	0.284	0.775 (0.243, 2.470)	0.667

Model 1: age and gender were included; model 2: BMI, SAT, VAT, FFMI, and FMI were included on the basis of model 1; model 3: WC, MAP, HDL, TG, and FPG were included on the basis of model 2; ^ahigh late-phase DI was defined as the upper quartile of late-phase DI; ^bhigh basal DI was defined as the upper quartile of basal DI. MAP indicates mean arterial pressure and is calculated by [(SBP × 2) + DBP]/3; HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance; HOMA-B: HOMA β-cell function; Matsuda index was calculated as 10,000/([(FPG × fasting plasma insulin) × (mean glucose during OGTT × mean insulin during OGTT)]). Basal DI: basal disposition index (DI) was calculated as HOMA-B/HOMA-IR; I0–30/G0–30 was calculated as [[30 min insulin (INS) + FINS] × 30/2]/[(30 min plasma glucose (PG) + FPG) × 18 × 30/2]; early-phase DI was calculated as I0–30/G0–30 × Matsuda index. I_30–120/G_30–120 was calculated as [(30 min INS + 120 min INS) × 90/2]/[(30 min PG + 120 min PG) × 18 × 90/2]; late-phase DI was calculated as I_30–120/G_30–120 × Matsuda index.