Factors Associated with the Prevalence of Thyroid Nodules and Goiter in Middle-Aged Euthyroid Subjects

Table 3

Multivariate analysis of associations of goiter and thyroid nodules with analyzed factors.

Variable	Goiter		Thyroid nodule
	OR (95% CI)	value	OR (95% CI)	value
TSH (mU/L)	0.09 (0.03–0.26)	<0.001	1.61 (1.05–2.45)	0.028
FT4 (pmol/L)	1.12 (0.92–1.38)	0.271	0.95 (0.83–1.07)	0.388
ATPO (kU/L)	1.03 (0.99–1.06)	0.166	0.99 (0.97–1.01)	0.355
BMI (kg/m^2)	1.26 (1.1–1.44)	0.001	0.94 (0.86–1.02)	0.151
Metabolic syndrome	0.72 (0.23–2.22)	0.568	1.02 (0.45–2.28)	0.968
Leptin (pg/L)	0.93 (0.86–1.003)	0.06	1.02 (0.97–1.08)	0.378
HOMA-IR	0.91 (0.64–1.3)	0.618	0.91 (0.7–1.19)	0.478
Smoking	3.91 (1.68–9.06)	0.002	0.83 (0.45–1.54)	0.557
Women versus men	4.46 (1.46–13.61)	0.009	4.29 (1.98–9.31)	<0.001
Thyroid nodule	4.13 (1.82–9.38)	0.001
Thyroid volume (mL)			1.16 (1.09–1.23)	<0.001

ATPO: antithyroid peroxidase antibodies; BMI: body mass index; FT4: free thyroxine; HOMA-IR: insulin resistance index; TSH: thyroid-stimulating hormone.