Lower Extremity Peripheral Arterial Disease Is an Independent Predictor of Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke Risks in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in China

Table 1

General characteristics of subjects.

	Non-PAD group	PAD group
Number	1090	88
Age (years)	57.2 ± 12.3	69.8 ± 11.8^#
Gender (men/women)	586/504	35/53
YSDD (years)	7.3 ± 6.4	11.0 ± 7.8^#
WC (cm)	87.9 ± 10.1	88.0 ± 10.2
BMI (kg/m^2)	24.0 ± 3.6	23.3 ± 3.2
SBP (mmHg)	135.6 ± 19.5	145.4 ± 20.3^#
DBP (mmHg)	81.8 ± 11.1	79.5 ± 12.8
HbA1c (%)	9.6 ± 2.4	9.5 ± 2.4
FBS (mmol/L)	9.2 ± 3.7	8.8 ± 4.1
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)	4.6 (4.5, 4.7)	4.5 (4.2, 4.8)
Triglycerides (mmol/L)	1.9 (1.9, 2.0)	1.9 (1.6, 2.2)
HDL-c (mmol/L)	1.2 (1.2, 1.3)	1.2 (1.1, 1.3)
LDL-c (mmol/L)	2.9 (2.9, 3.0)	2.9 (2.7, 3.2)
Hypertension (n, %)	(514, 47.2%)	(65, 73.9%)^#
Smoker (n, %)	(368, 33.8%)	(26, 29.5%)
Nonantidiabetic drugs (n, %)	(184, 16.9%)	(6, 6.8%)
Only OAD (n, %)	(471, 43.2%)	(41, 46.6%)
Insulin + OAD (n, %)	(435, 39.9%)	(41, 46.6%)
Hypertension drugs (n, %)	(456, 41.9%)	(63, 71.6%)^#
ARB/ACEI (n, %)	(227, 20.8%)	(38, 43.2%)^#
Lipid-lowering drugs (n, %)	(157, 14.4%)	(18, 20.5%)
Statins (n, %)	(135, 12.4%)	(18, 20.5%)
Fibrates (n, %)	(20, 1.8%)	(0, 0%)

and ^# compared with the non-PAD group. Values are presented as the mean ± standard deviation; abnormal distribution values are shown as mean (95% CI).WC: waist circumference; YSDD: years since diagnosis of diabetes; BMI: body mass index (weight in kilograms/square of the height in meters); SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; FBS: fasting blood glucose; HDL-c: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-c: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; PAD: peripheral arterial disease; ABI: ankle-brachial index; OAD: oral antidiabetic drug; ARB: angiotensin receptor blocker; ACEI: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. PAD group: or ; non-PAD group: .