Lower Extremity Peripheral Arterial Disease Is an Independent Predictor of Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke Risks in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in China

Table 3

Multivariate linear regression analysis of risk factors for CHD and stroke as estimated using the UKPDS risk engine.

Variables	UKPDS CVD risk		UKPDS stroke risk		UKPDS fatal CVD risk		UKPDS fatal stroke risk
	Beta	P	Beta	P	Beta	P	Beta	P
Male	−0.355	0.000	−0.168	0.000	−0.304	0.000	−0.142	0.000
Age	0.726	0.000	0.602	0.000	0.711	0.000	0.507	0.000
BMI	−0.023	0.040	0.004	NS	−0.023	NS	−0.004	NS
Duration	0.081	0.000	0.270	0.000	0.148	0.000	0.248	0.000
SBP	0.082	0.000	0.044	NS	0.101	0.000	0.232	0.000
DBP	−0.020	NS	0.000	NS	−0.025	NS	−0.022	NS
HbA1c	0.352	0.000	0.031	NS	0.363	0.000	0.041	0.025
LDL−c	−0.024	NS	−0.022	NS	−0.016	NS	−0.022	NS
HDL−c	−0.285	0.000	−0.045	0.050	−0.233	0.000	−0.043	NS
TC	0.302	0.000	0.061	NS	0.237	0.000	0.050	NS
TG	0.000	NS	0.032	NS	−0.004	NS	0.024	NS
Smoking	0.051	0.000	0.019	NS	0.014	NS	0.018	NS
PAD	0.055	0.000	0.140	0.000	0.066	0.019	0.140	0.000

NS: not significant; BMI: body mass index; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; HDL-c: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-c: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; PAD: peripheral arterial disease; ABI: ankle-brachial index; TG: triglyceride; TC: total cholesterol; HbA1c: glycosylated hemoglobin; UKPDS: United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study; CHD: coronary heart disease.