Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, and Mitochondrial Function in Diabetic Nephropathy

Table 1

Classification of diabetic nephropathy [12].

Stage	Albuminuria (mg/g Cr) or proteinuria (g/g Cr)	GFR (mL/min/1.73 m^2)
Stage 1 (prenephropathy)	Normoalbuminuria (<30)	≥30
Stage 2 (incipient nephropathy)	Microalbuminuria (30–299)	≥30
Stage 3 (overt nephropathy)	Macroalbuminuria (≥300) or persistent proteinuria (≥0.5)	≥30
Stage 4 (kidney failure)	Any albuminuria/proteinuria status	<30
Stage 5 (dialysis therapy)	Any status on continued dialysis therapy