Differential Relationship between Intermuscular Adipose Depots with Indices of Cardiometabolic Health
Table 3
Associations between thigh or calf intermuscular adipose tissue and indices of cardiometabolic health.
(a)
Baseline associations
Thigh IMAT : CSA ()
Calf IMAT : CSA ()
βa (95% CI)
value (FDR-adjusted )
βa (95% CI)
value (FDR-adjusted )
Glucose (mmol/l)
6.38 (1.17, 11.59)
0.020 (0.041)
−0.69 (−5.20, 3.81)
0.761 (0.854)
Insulin (pmol/l)
886.24 (312.43, 1460.06)
0.009 (0.026)
128.13 (−380.63, 636.90)
0.618 (0.854)
HOMA-IR
32.77 (11.64, 53.90)
0.009 (0.026)
1.74 (−17.04, 20.51)
0.854 (0.854)
Triglycerides (mmol/l)
47.33 (15.21, 79.44)
0.079 (0.349)
−2.92 (−33.41, 27.57)
0.849 (0.849)
Total cholesterol (mmol/l)
19.67 (−3.19, 42.54)
0.155 (0.349)
11.14 (−9.18, 31.46)
0.279 (0.349)
LDL (mmol/l)
13.59 (−7.45, 34.62)
0.257 (0.349)
10.60 (−8.08, 29.29)
0.263 (0.349)
HDL (mmol/l)
−7.58 (−16.42, 1.26)
0.203 (0.349)
−2.66 (−8.97, 3.66)
0.405 (0.450)
TC:HDL
21.85 (7.46, 36.24)
0.033 (0.332)
9.84 (−3.62, 23.31)
0.150 (0.349)
(b)
∆Associations
∆Thigh IMAT : CSA ()
∆Calf IMAT : CSA ()
βa (95% CI)
value (FDR-adjusted )
βa (95% CI)
value (FDR-adjusted )
∆Glucose (mmol/l)
−8.22 (−20.73, 4.28)
0.197 (0.421)
4.95 (−8.94, 18.84)
0.480 (0.721)
∆Insulin (pmol/l)
−437.86 (−1908.87, 1033.14)
0.883 (0.883)
968.92 (−359.38, 2297.22)
0.151 (0.421)
∆HOMA-IR
−15.37 (−67.12, 36.37)
0.868 (0.883)
30.19 (−17.42, 77.80)
0.149 (0.421)
∆Triglycerides (mmol/l)
−34.65 (−117.29, 47.98)
0.677 (0.752)
26.35 (−53.60, 106.31)
0.514 (0.752)
∆Total cholesterol (mmol/l)
−7.30 (−48.43, 33.83)
0.560 (0.752)
14.15 (−26.22, 54.52)
0.488 (0.752)
∆LDL (mmol/l)
6.00 (−26.71, 38.71)
0.949 (0.949)
16.90 (−14.62, 48.42)
0.289 (0.752)
∆HDL (mmol/l)
−1.74 (−13.65, 10.18)
0.578 (0.752)
−5.10 (−16.82, 6.62)
0.390 (0.752)
∆TC : HDL
−0.51 (−24.84, 23.83)
0.647 (0.752)
17.50 (−6.38, 41.39)
0.149 (0.752)
All estimates are adjusted for age and sex. Longitudinal analyses adjusted for age and baseline-dependent variable. aEstimates of the adjusted regression coefficient between glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, TC, TG, LDL, HDL, and TC : HDL with thigh and calf IMAT; values < 0.05. CI: confidence interval; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; HOMA-IR: homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; IMAT: intermuscular adipose tissue (standardized to cross-sectional area of the segment); LDL: low-density lipoprotein; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglyceride.
