|
| Thyroid storm and preoperative preparation for emergent procedure |
| (1) Iodine-containing compounds (oral route) |
| Iodide 200–2000 mg/d | [3] |
| Iodine-containing compound (in patients with gastrointestinal problem) |
| SSKI 0.4 ml via sublingual every 8 h | [85] |
| SSKI 5–10 drops via rectal every 6–8 h | [16] |
| (2) Glucocorticoids |
| (Thyroid storm) | Hydrocortisone 300 mg intravenous load then 100 mg every 8 h | [1] |
| Dexamethasone 2 mg intravenously every 6 h | [12] |
| (Preoperative) | Hydrocortisone 100 mg orally or intravenously every 8 h | [3] |
| Dexamethasone 2 mg orally or intravenously every 6 h | [3] |
|
| Treatment of Graves’ disease |
| (1) Iodine-containing compound (mild Graves’ disease) |
| KI 50 mg/d | [17] |
| (2) Cholestyramine (an adjuvant drug with a thionamide antithyroid drug) |
| Cholestyramine 4 g orally every 6–12 h | [61, 63] |
| (3) Lithium carbonate |
| Lithium 300 to 450 mg orally every 8 h | [4, 23, 31] |
| Age over 60 y: lithium 500 to 750 mg/d |
| Age over 80 y: lithium should not exceed 450 mg/d |
|
| Type 1 amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis (as an adjuvant drug) |
| (1) Potassium perchlorate |
| Potassium perchlorate 1 g/d (or lower) divided into 2–4 times/d | [32, 47] |
| (2) Lithium carbonate |
| Lithium 300 to 450 mg orally every 8 h | [23, 31, 33] |
| Age over 60 y: lithium 500 to 750 mg/d |
| Age over 80 y: lithium should not exceed 450 mg/d |
|
