Dipeptidyl-Peptidase 4 Inhibitor Sitagliptin Ameliorates Hepatic Insulin Resistance by Modulating Inflammation and Autophagy in ob/ob Mice

Figure 5

Sitagliptin enhanced autophagy in the liver. RT-PCR of autophagy components Atg7 (a) and Beclin1 (b) in the liver. Gene expression was normalized to that of the Gapdh gene (). Western blotting of LC3 (c), AMPK phosphorylation (d), and mTOR phosphorylation (e) in the liver. Representative Western blot images and graphs were representing the ratio of the phosphorylated protein of interest on total proteins or the ratio of LC3-II/GAPDH and LC3-II/LC3-I as measured by densitometry (). and versus WT group. and versus ob/ob group. All data are presented as mean ± SEM.

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