Treating Clinically Node-Negative Insular Thyroid Carcinoma without Prophylactic Central Compartment Neck Dissection Is Associated with Decreased Survival Regardless of T Staging and Administration of Radioactive Iodine Therapy: The First Evidence
Table 2
Type-A multivariate Cox regression models investigating the factors associated with OS and DSS in the overall cohort (N = 112).
Variables
OS
DSS
HR (95% CI)
HR (95% CI)
Age at diagnosis
<55
Ref
Ref
≥55
7.663 (2.386–24.607)
0.001
6.630 (1.557–28.234)
0.011
Sex
Female
Ref
Ref
Male
2.619 (1.120–6.123)
0.026
2.798 (0.899–8.707)
0.076
Race
White
Ref
Ref
Black
0.897 (0.225–3.578)
0.877
2.322 (0.527–10.221)
0.265
Others
0.869 (0.191–3.965)
0.856
1.158 (0.230–5.841)
0.859
Tumor size
≤4 cm
Ref
Ref
>4 cm
1.348 (0.553–3.279)
0.512
1.799 (0.564–5.747)
0.321
Multifocal
No
Ref
Ref
Yes
3.783 (1.214–11.791)
0.022
6.795 (1.565–29.496)
0.011
Unknown
2.579 (0.717–9.274)
0.147
1.535 (0.314–7.516)
0.597
Extrathyroidal extension
No
Ref
Ref
Yes
5.602 (2.302–13.635)
<0.001
11.996 (3.374–42.652)
<0.001
Surgery of thyroid gland
Lob
Ref
Ref
TT
0.567 (0.160–2.013)
0.380
0.412 (0.081–2.100)
0.286
Radiation
RAI
Ref
Ref
EBRT
0.503 (0.111–2.291)
0.375
0.955 (0.185–4.935)
0.956
No evidence
1.825 (0.692–4.812)
0.224
3.542 (0.959–13.079)
0.058
CCND
Yes
Ref
Ref
No
4.640 (1.576–13.659)
0.005
5.707 (1.362–23.907)
0.017
OS = overall survival; DSS = disease-specific survival; HR = hazard ratio; CI = confidence interval; Ref = reference.
