Research Article
Co-Occurrence of Multiple Endocrine Abnormalities Induced by the DIHS/DRESS
Table 2
Cases with more than one endocrinal disorder following DIHS/DRESS from January 2000 to December 2017.
| | Case 1 | Case 2 | Case 3 | Case 4 | Case 5 | Case 6 | Case 7 |
| Age | 15 | 43 | 71 | 47 | 21 | 6 | 17 | Gender | F | M | F | F | F | M | F | Causative drugs | Minocycline | Dapsone | Mexiletine | ND | Lamotrigine | Lamotrigine | Zonisamide | Systemic corticosteroid therapy (mg/day) or IVIG | Prednisone therapy at escalating dose from 10 mg once daily to 40 mg twice daily | A tapering dose of prednisone (unknown exact dose of prednisone) | Prednisolone, 60 mg daily | ND | Meprednisone 160 mg (40 mg every 6 hours) followed by 80 mg of prednisone; IVIG | 36 mg (1.5 mg/kg/day) of prednisone; IVIG | 1 g of meprednisone for 3 days followed by 45 mg of prednisone |
| Diabetes mellitus | Diagnosis | T1DM | FT1DM | FT1DM | FT1DM | T1DM | | T1DM | Interval of time | 7 months | 2 months | 7 days | ND | ND | 4 months | 2 months | Onset by DKA | No | No | ND | Yes | ND | Yes | ND | HbA1c (%) | 8.1% | 5.9% | 6.0% | 6.5% | ND | 10.2% | ND | Fasting C peptide (ng/mL) | ND | ND | <0.05 | 0.2 | ND | ND | ND | IA-2Ab | Positive | ND | Negative | Negative | Positive | Positive | ND | ICA-IgG | ND | Negative | Negative | Negative | ND | ND | ND | GAD | Positive | Negative | Negative | Negative | ND | ND | ND | IA or IAA | ND | IA is positive | ND | ND | Positive | Positive | ND |
| Autoimmune thyroid disease | Diagnosis | Graves’ disease | Thyroiditis | HT | Painless thyroiditis | ND | HT | HT | Interval of time | 51 days | 2 months | 28 days | ND | 8 months | 4 months | 2 months | Thyroid function test | Primary hyperthyroidism | Remission of thyrotoxicosis within a few weeks | Primary hyperthyroidism | Primary hyperthyroidism | Transient hyperthyroidism and subsequent chronic hypothyroidism | ND | ND | A-Tg | Positive | ND | Positive | ND | ND | Positive | Positive | A-TPO | Positive | ND | Positive | ND | Positive | Positive | Positive | TSI | Positive | Negative | ND | Negative | Positive | ND | Positive |
| Other involvement of endocrine glands | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | Country | America | America | Japan | Japan | America | Japan | Japan | Year | 2009 | 2017 | 2013 | 2006 | 2013 | 2018 | 2016 | Literature | | | | | | | |
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TSI, thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin.
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