International Journal of Endocrinology / 2020 / Article / Tab 1 / Review Article
The Effect of Metformin on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Overweight Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Table 1 Systematic review of randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of metformin in overweight women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
Author Sample size (T/C) Mean age (T/C) BMI (T/C) Nation Intervention Control Metformin intervention Outcome measured Frequency (per day) Dose (mg) Duration (week) Curi et al. [22 ] 20/20 24.6 ± 1.3/26.3 ± 1.4 31.1 ± 1.5/31.8 ± 1.6 Brazil Metformin Usual care controls + placebo treatment 2 850 mg 24 ①②③④⑤⑥⑬⑭ Esfahanian et al. [23 ] 17/13 21.9 ± 9.3/20 ± 4.6 31.1 ± 3.3/34.1 ± 5.4 Iran Metformin Usual care controls + hypocaloric diet — 1000 mg/day gradually to 2000 mg/day 12 ①②⑦⑧⑨⑩⑪⑫⑬ Otta et al. [24 ] 15/15 25.47 ± 4.82/24.7 ± 3.46 32.4 + 6.7/35.6 + 4.98 Brazil Metformin Usual care controls + placebo treatment 2 750 mg 16 ①②④⑤⑦⑧⑨⑩⑪⑫⑬⑭ Gambineri et al. [25 ] 10/10 26·1 ± 4·5/27·1 ± 3·6 37·0 ± 5·9/37·6 ± 4·1 Italy Metformin Usual care controls + placebo treatment 2 850 mg 24 ①⑥⑦⑧⑨⑩⑪⑫⑬⑭ Gambineri et al. [26 ] 20/20 2 8 ± 8/26 ± 5 35 ± 4/37 ± 5 Italy Metformin Usual care controls + placebo treatment 2 850 mg 48 ①②⑥⑦⑧⑪⑫ Hoeger et al. [27 ] 9/11 29.5 ± 6.4/27.1 ± 4.5 37.1 ± 4.9/37.1 ± 4.6 United States Metformin Usual care controls + placebo treatment 2 850 mg 48 ①②⑥ Bonakdaran et al. [28 ] 17/16 25.9 ± 4.5/25.2 ± 7.9 28.2 ± 5.03/25.3 ± 5.1 Iran Metformin Usual care controls + placebo treatment 2 1000 mg 12 ①④⑪⑫⑬ Karimzadeh Javedani [29 ] 90/75 27.33 ± 2.34/27.48 ± 2.69 27.17 ± 1.73/27.92 ± 1.05 Iran Metformin Usual care controls + placebo treatment 2 1500 mg 24 ①②⑦⑧ Lord et al. [30 ] 16/16 27.76 ± 4.89/30.63 ± 4.84 33.74 ± 6.74/36.37 ± 7.46 United Kingdom Metformin Usual care controls + placebo treatment 3 500 mg 12 ①②④⑥⑦⑧⑨⑩⑪⑫⑬ Tang et al. [31 ] 69/74 29.7 ± 3.7/29.8 ± 3.8 37.6 ± 5.0/38.9 ± 9.5 United Kingdom Metformin Usual care controls + placebo treatment 2 850 mg 24 ①②⑥⑨⑩⑪⑫⑬ Tiwari et al. [32 ] 33/33 24.33 ± 3.89/24.46 ± 4.76 25.23 ± 4.64/26.32 ± 3.68 India Metformin Usual care controls + fixed exercise 2 850 mg 24 ①②⑬ Yarali et al. [33 ] 32/32 29.7 ± 5.6/28.4 ± 5.1 28.6 ± 4.0/29.6 ± 4.8 Turkey Metformin + rFSH Usual care controls + placebo treatment 2 850 mg 6 ①②③⑤⑫⑬⑭
Months were converted to weeks by using 1 month = 4 weeks; years were converted by using 1 year = 52 weeks. BMI: body mass index; WC: waist circumference; FSH: follicle-stimulating hormone; HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; LH: luteinizing hormone; SHBG: sex hormone-binding globulin; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglycerides; and FBG: fasting blood glucose. ① BMI; ②WC; ③ FSH; ④ HOMA-IR; ⑤ LH; ⑥SHBG; ⑦ HDL; ⑧ LDL; ⑨ TC; ⑩ TG; ⑪ FBG; ⑫ fasting insulin;⑬ testosterone; and ⑭ androstenedione.