Celiac Disease and Pregnancy Outcomes in Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Table 1

Clinical and metabolic characteristics of 20 women with GDM and CD and 40 women with GDM without CD (data are means ± standard deviations).

		GDM celiac(n = 20)	GDM control (n = 40)	value
Age (yrs)		35.4 ± 4.1	35.1 ± 4.2	0.791
Prepregnancy BMI (kg/m^2)		22.3 ± 4.6	22.3 ± 4.5	0.997
Weight gain (kg)		10.7 ± 4.2	10.5 ± 4.5	0.824
Maternal morbidity (%)		35% (7/20)	15% (6/40)	0.853
Autoimmune thyroiditis (%)		15% (3/20)	2.5% (1/40)	0.067
Gestational week of GDM diagnosis		22.9 ± 4.3	24.0 ± 4.0	0.354
HbA1c at diagnosis (%)		5.12 ± 0.26	5.07 ± 0.36	0.667
Diagnostic OGTT (mg/dl)	Plasma glucose 0′	88.3 ± 7.8	85.6 ± 8.9	0.261
	Plasma glucose 60′	159.6 ± 40.2	176.7 ± 34.7	0.105
	Plasma glucose 120′	141.2 ± 35.2	161.2 ± 35.4	0.047
Insulin therapy (%)		10% (2/20)	20% (8/40)	0.620
Prepartum lipid profile (mg/dl)	Total cholesterol	229.0 ± 45.9	292.5 ± 42.1	≤0.001
	HDL	67.9 ± 12.3	70.9 ± 21.7	0.634
	LDL	127.2 ± 43.5	179.6 ± 31.7	≤0.001
	Triglycerides	169.8 ± 98.6	212.2 ± 76.5	0.161
Gestational week of delivery		39.0 ± 1.1	38.9 ± 1.2	0.884
Follow-up OGTT (mg/dl)	Plasma glucose 0′	93.6 ± 6.7	87.8 ± 7.8	0.016
	Plasma glucose 30′	122.6 ± 21.6	151.8 ± 20.1	0.004
	Plasma glucose 60′	127.5 ± 45.2	141.3 ± 28.4	0.320
	Plasma glucose 120′	98.4 ± 23.4	97.4 ± 27.0	0.908
AGT		21.4% (3/14)	15.4% (6/39)	0.825