The Dose-Response Relationship between Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase and Risk of Diabetes Mellitus Using Publicly Available Data: A Longitudinal Study in Japan

Table 2

Association between serum GGT levels and incident diabetes mellitus in the NAGALA study, 2004–2015.

	Nonadjusted	Adjust I	Adjust II	Adjust III
GGT (IU/L)	1.01 (1.01, 1.01)	1.01 (1.01, 1.01)	1.01 (1.00, 1.01)	1.00 (1.00, 1.01)
Serum GGT quintiles
Q1 (≤10 IU/L)	1	1	1	1
Q2 (11–12 IU/L)	2.02 (1.13, 3.61)	1.92 (1.07, 3.46)	1.74 (0.97, 3.13)	1.39 (0.77, 2.50)
Q3 (13–16 IU/L)	2.49 (1.47, 4.20)	2.22 (1.30, 3.79)	1.81 (1.06, 3.10)	1.15 (0.66, 1.98)
Q4 (17–24 IU/L)	5.95 (3.68, 9.60)	5.00 (3.00, 8.34)	3.33 (1.99, 5.58)	1.76 (1.04, 3.00)
Q5 (≥25 IU/L)	9.27 (5.83, 14.72)	7.51 (4.54, 12.41)	4.30 (2.56, 7.20)	1.83 (1.06, 3.15)
for trend	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	0.0097

Notes: data presented are HRs and 95% CIs. Adjust I model adjusts for age and gender; adjust II model adjusts for adjust I + smoking status, alcohol intake, body mass index, and systolic blood pressure; adjust III model adjusts for adjust II + fatty liver, triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and fasting plasma glucose. Abbreviations: GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase.