Relationship between Serum Indirect Bilirubin Level and Insulin Sensitivity: Results from Two Independent Cohorts of Obese Patients with Impaired Glucose Regulation and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in China

Table 5

Metabolic changes after metabolic surgery in cohort 2 (n = 109).

Variable	Baseline	1 month	t/Z	value
BW (kg)	105.83 ± 22.01	92.35 ± 19.20	17.925	<0.001
BMI (kg/m^2)	38.44 ± 6.87	33.55 ± 6.12	18.957	<0.001
FPG (mmol/L)	6.80 (5.46–8.96)	5.24 (4.73–6.40)	−6.681	<0.001
FINS (mU/L)	21.72 (9.68–30.08)	9.29 (2.20–14.87)	−7.552	<0.001
FC-p (pmol/L)	1324.66 ± 619.81	834.39 ± 496.48	8.556	<0.001
Matsuda Index	1.80 (1.25–4.12)	5.38 (3.03–14.91)	−8.092	<0.001
HOMA-IS	0.16 (0.10–0.33)	0.43 (0.25–1.70)	−7.690	<0.001
TBIL (μmol/L)	9.60 (7.87–11.70)	13.37 (11.65–15.80)	−8.176	<0.001
DBIL (μmol/L)	3.60 (2.67–4.40)	5.20 (4.60–6.14)	−7.614	<0.001
IBIL (μmol/L)	6.03 (4.90–7.43)	8.20 (6.60–10.05)	−7.200	<0.001
ALT (U/L)	28.00 (17.60–48.60)	32.20 (16.80–55.90)	−0.432	0.666
AST (U/L)	23.30 (16.00–34.30)	33.10 (23.20–46.30)	−4.576	<0.001
GGT (U/L)	29.20 (19.80–46.40)	23.23 (15.60–31.15)	−4.022	<0.001
TC (mmol/L)	4.80 (4.16–5.41)	4.20 (3.60–4.64)	−6.323	<0.001
TG (mmol/L)	1.47 (1.21–2.29)	1.28 (1.10–1.55)	−4.602	<0.001
HDL-c (mmol/L)	1.11 (0.89–1.27)	0.91 (0.83–1.17)	−4.587	<0.001
LDL-c (mmol/L)	3.19 ± 0.70	2.88 ± 0.71	4.454	<0.001

Data are shown as mean ± SD for normally distributed variables or as median (25^th and 75^th percentiles), and is considered statistically significant. BW, body weight; BMI, body mass index; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; FINS, fasting insulin; FC-p, fasting C-peptide; HOMA-IS: homeostasis model assessment of insulin sensitivity; TBIL, total bilirubin; DBIL, direct bilirubin; IBIL, indirect bilirubin; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; HDL-c, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-c, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; ALT, alanine transaminase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase.