Utilizing Technology-Enabled Intervention to Improve Blood Glucose Self-Management Outcome in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Initiated on Insulin Therapy: A Retrospective Real-World Study

Table 1

Patient characteristics at baseline.

Characteristics	Total patients
Number of subjects	14,085
Gender
Male	7,712 (54.8%)
Female	6,373 (45.2%)
Age (years) (continuous)	51.89 ± 11.96
Age (years) (categorical)
<60	10,287 (73.0%)
≥60	3,798 (27.0%)
Duration of T2DM (years)	5.47 ± 6.96
Region
Northeast	2,602 (18.5%)
North China	3,104 (22.0%)
East China	3,626 (25.7%)
South China	599 (4.3%)
Central China	2,342 (16.6%)
Southwest	1,167 (8.3%)
Northwest	644 (4.6%)
Missing	1 (0.0%)
FBG (mmol/L) (continuous)	8.89 ± 2.12
FBG (mmol/L) (categorical)
<7	986 (7.0%)
7–9	8,011 (56.9%)
9–11	3,181 (22.6%)
≥11	1,907 (13.5%)
PPG (mmol/L) (continuous)	10.78 ± 3.35
PPG (mmol/L) (categorical)
<9	4,490 (31.9%)
9–11	3,682 (26.1%)
11–13	3,002 (21.3%)
≥13	2,911 (20.7%)

Data are presented as mean ± SD or as n (%). FBG, fasting blood glucose; PPG, postprandial glucose; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus.