Serum Levels and Placental Expression of NGAL in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Table 1
Clinical characteristics of normal pregnant controls and women with GDM.
GDM (n = 49)
Control (n = 39)
value
Age (years)
32.47 ± 4.68
31.77 ± 4.96
0.497
Gestational age (week)
39.14 ± 0.62
39.00 ± 0.46
0.275
Parity
1 (1, 1)
1 (0, 1)
0.346
Prepregnancy BMI (kg/m2)
23.15 ± 3.06
22.69 ± 3.00
0.488
Current BMI (kg/m2)
28.57 ± 2.96
29.19 ± 3.86
0.402
FPG1 (mmol/L)
5.00 ± 0.47
4.47 ± 0.34
<0.01
1 hPG (mmol/L)
10.07 ± 1.38
7.16 ± 1.39
<0.01
2 hPG (mmol/L)
8.04 ± 1.32
6.34 ± 0.89
<0.01
FPG2 (mmol/L)
4.92 ± 0.61
4.50 ± 0.40
<0.01
FINS (μU/mL)
12.81 ± 4.62
10.72 ± 3.46
0.023
HOMA-IR
2.80 ± 1.11
2.15 ± 0.73
0.003
TC (mmol/L)
5.87 ± 0.99
6.28 ± 0.97
0.058
TG (mmol/L)
3.30 ± 1.36
2.63 ± 0.75
0.006
HDL-C (mmol/L)
1.76 ± 0.30
1.89 ± 0.27
0.041
LDL-C (mmol/L)
3.38 ± 0.73
3.61 ± 0.66
0.136
VLDL-C (mmol/L)
0.74 ± 0.27
0.78 ± 0.28
0.558
Birth weight (g)
3598.89 ± 430.05
3448.72 ± 366.97
0.092
Annotation: BMI: body mass index; FPG1: fasting plasma glucose in the second trimester; 1 hPG: 1 h plasma glucose after glucose loading; 2 hPG: 2 h plasma glucose after glucose loading; FPG2: fasting plasma glucose in the third trimester; FINS: fasting insulin level; HOMA-IR: HOMA-insulin resistance index; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglycerol; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; VLDL-C: very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Data are mean ± SD and medians (25–75%); values statistically evaluated as insignificant and significant.
