Serum Levels and Placental Expression of NGAL in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Table 3

Relationship of maternal NGAL level with TNF-α and placental NGAL expression in the gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and normal glucose tolerance (control) groups.

	GDM (n = 49)		Control (n = 39)		All (n = 88)
	r		r		r
Cord blood NGAL	0.349	0.014	0.399	0.012	0.490	<0.001
Maternal blood TNF-α	0.311	0.029	−0.065	0.696	0.248	0.020
NGAL mRNA	0.848	0.008	0.196	0.642	0.740	0.001
NGAL protein	0.636	0.011	0.246	0.377	0.600	<0.001

Annotation: NGAL: neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-α; r: Pearson’s correlation coefficient or Spearman’s correlation coefficient; values statistically evaluated as insignificant and significant.