Clinical Characteristics and Prevalence of Comorbidities according to Metformin Use in Korean Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Table 5
Difference of microvascular complication of diabetes according to the use of metformin.
Variable
Metformin user
Metformin nonuser
P
Diabetic retinopathy, n (%)
136 (19.4%)
44 (29.14%)
0.011
DR duration, years
1.31 ± 3.31
2.33 ± 4.30
0.007
Photocoagulation, n (%)
28 (4.01%)
14 (9.27%)
0.012
Duration, years
0.29 ± 1.68
0.60 ± 2.43
0.131
Intravitreal injection, n (%)
20 (2.86%)
12 (7.95%)
0.007
Duration, years
0.17 ± 1.07
0.55 ± 2.09
0.028
Ophthalmic surgery, n (%)
82 (11.73%)
30 (19.87%)
0.011
Duration, years
0.78 ± 2.79
1.50 ± 3.62
0.023
Cataract, n (%)
135 (19.26%)
50 (33.11%)
<0.001
Duration, years
1.05 ± 2.99
2.31 ± 4.64
0.002
Overt proteinuria, n (%)
31 (4.4%)
16 (10.53%)
0.005
Duration, years
0.25 ± 1.33
0.75 ± 2.50
0.018
Renal insufficiency, n (%)
37 (5.25%)
29 (19.08%)
<0.001
Duration, years
0.36 ± 1.68
1.22 ± 3.01
<0.001
Peripheral polyneuropathy, n (%)
169 (24.0%)
63 (41.45%)
<0.001
Duration, years
1.48 ± 3.07
3.13 ± 4.55
<0.001
DR, diabetic retinopathy; PPN, peripheral polyneuropathy; Results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or n (%). P value for t-test or chi-square test comparing both the groups with and without metformin.
