Healthy Eating Index-2015 and Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity as Predictors of Prediabetes: A Case-Control Study
Table 1
Sociodemographic characteristics of participantsa.
Characteristic
Controls (n = 98)
Cases (n = 49)
valueb
Age
44.08 ± 15.98
54.10 ± 13.89
0.01
BMIc
27.81 ± 4.89
28.08 ± 5.11
0.76
FBGd
88.14 ± 6.93
118.10 ± 18.27
0.01
Gender
Female
54 (55.1)
23 (46.9)
0.47
Male
44 (44.9)
26 (53.1)
Educational status
Primary or less
14 (14.3)
13 (26.5)
0.04
Secondary/high school
36 (36.7)
22 (44.9)
Tertiary/university
48 (49.0)
14 (28.6)
Marital status
Single
21 (21.4)
4 (8.2)
0.05
Married
71 (72.4)
44 (89.8)
Widowed/divorced
6 (6.2)
1 (2.0)
Occupation
Employed
60 (61.2)
34 (69.4)
0.21
Unemployed
38 (38.8)
15 (30.6)
Income
Low
52 (53.1)
27 (55.2)
0.29
Moderate
32 (32.7)
11 (22.4)
High
14 (14.2)
11 (22.4)
Obesity
Normal
32 (32.7)
14 (28.6)
0.36
Overweight
41 (41.8)
17 (34.7)
Obese
25 (25.5)
18 (36.7)
Physical activity (yes)
39 (39.8)
19 (38.8)
0.52
Supplementation (yes)
20 (20.4)
11 (22.9)
0.44
Family history of diabetes (yes)
46 (46.9)
22 (45.8)
0.52
aData are presented as n (%) or mean ± SD. bDistribution of continuous variables assessed with independent t-test and categorical variables with chi-square test. cBody mass index. dFasting blood glucose.