Healthy Eating Index-2015 and Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity as Predictors of Prediabetes: A Case-Control Study
Table 2
Distribution of macro- and micronutrient intakes across case and control participantsa.
Characteristic
Controls (n = 98)
Cases (n = 49)
valueb
Total calories (kcal/day)
2554.78 ± 1794.70
1930.28 ± 1125.14
0.01
Total protein intake (g/day)
83.55 ± 59.36
70.76 ± 42.40
0.18
Total carbohydrate intake (g/day)
376.79 ± 280.45
252.94 ± 147.65
0.01
Total fat intake (g/day)
88.29 ± 70.47
76.49 ± 58.48
0.31
SFAc (g/day)
20.29 ± 17.32
17.21 ± 11.67
0.20
MUFAd (g/day)
27.57 ± 22.88
23.88 ± 21.33
0.34
PUFAe (g/day)
28.64 ± 27.09
24.47 ± 21.71
0.05
Vitamin A (RAE/day)
2993.67 ± 3673.42
2525.70 ± 2155.23
0.41
Vitamin D (ug/day)
2.32 ± 3.42
2.23 ± 3.62
0.88
Vitamin E (mg/day)
20.37 ± 19.08
16.16 ± 15.19
0.15
Vitamin C (mg/day)
394.26 ± 433.56
214.65 ± 159.27
0.01
Vitamin B6 (mg/day)
2.40 ± 2.14
1.66 ± 1.02
0.01
Vitamin B9 (ug/day)
520.85 ± 467.31
392.60 ± 286.67
0.04
Vitamin B12 (ug/day)
6.93 ± 11.67
4.84 ± 7.60
0.25
Zinc (mg/day)
11.32 ± 8.11
8.94 ± 5.12
0.03
Iron (mg/day)
16.55 ± 12.13
13.26 ± 10.68
0.09
Calcium (mg/day)
1199.77 ± 925.31
966.01 ± 681.59
0.11
Fiber (g/day)
10.58 ± 9.49
7.64 ± 4.83
0.01
aData are presented as mean ± SD. bIndependent sample t-test was used for continuous variables. cSaturated fatty acids. dMonounsaturated fatty acids. ePolyunsaturated fatty acids.
