Impact of Prediabetes and Type-2 Diabetes on Outcomes in Patients with COVID-19

Table 6

Comparison of demographic, clinical, and laboratory variables among the previously and newly diagnosed type-2 diabetes patients.

	Previously diagnosed diabetes mellitus (n = 587)	Newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus (n = 39)
Age	65.70 (±60.13)	60.13 (±15.02)	0.016
BMI	29.91 (±33.05)	33.05 (±9.17)	0.021
Mortality	237 (40.37%)	7 (17.95%)	0.005
Mechanical ventilation	240 (40.89%)	10 (25.64%)	0.06
Gender
Female	243 (41.40%)	15 (38.46%)
Male	344 (58.60%)	24 (61.54%)
Ethnicity			0.013
Black	174 (29.64%)	7 (17.95%)
Caucasian	11 (01.87%)	0 (00.00%)
Hispanic	350 (59.63%)	24 (61.54%)
Others	52 (08.86%)	8 (20.51%)
Clinical presentation
Fever	342 (58.26%)	26 (66.67%)	0.303
Cough	350 (59.63%)	29 (74.36%)	0.068
Shortness of breath	377 (64.22%)	31 (79.49%)	0.053
Myalgia	155 (26.41%)	11 (28.21%)	0.806
Headache	40 (06.81%)	6 (15.38%)	0.047
Nausea/vomiting	82 (13.97%)	5 (12.82%)	0.841
Abdominal discomfort	198 (33.73%)	7 (17.95%)	0.042
Diarrhea	78 (13.29%)	7 (17.95%)	0.411
Comorbid medical conditions
HIV/AIDS	39 (06.67%)	1 (02.56%)	0.312
Hypertension	460 (78.63%)	22 (56.41%)	0.001
Congestive heart failure	72 (12.31%)	3 (07.69%)	0.392
Coronary artery disease	92 (15.73%)	5 (12.82%)	0.628
Chronic kidney disease	72 (12.33%)	2 (05.13%)	0.179
SARS-CoV-2 management
Hydroxychloroquine	464 (79.05%)	34 (87.18%)	0.223
Antiviral agents	45 (7.67%)	7 (17.95%)	0.024
Antibiotics	561 (95.57%)	39 (100.00%)	0.18
Tamiflu	58 (9.88%)	3 (7.69%)	0.656
Remdesivir	5 (0.85%)	2 (5.13%)	0.014
Anticonvalescent plasma	17 (02.90%)	3 (07.69%)	0.09
Steroids	214 (36.46%)	23 (58.97%)	0.005
Therapeutic anticoagulation	365 (62.18%)	29 (74.36%)	0.128
Tocilizumab	57 (09.71%)	8 (20.51%)	0.032
Laboratory parameters
Serum creatinine	2.25 (±1.46)	1.46 (±1.51)	0.063
White blood cell count	8.93 (±8.94)	8.94 (±3.76)	0.993
Absolute neutrophil count	7.13 (±7.41)	7.41 (±3.60)	0.691
Absolute lymphocyte count	1.19 (±0.90)	0.90 (±0.45)	0.737
ANCALC ratio	10.19 (±10.29)	10.29 (±8.93)	0.959
D-dimer	414.19 (±435.77)	435.77 (±252.31)	0.582
Serum lactate dehydrogenase	446.99 (±456.26)	456.26 (±189.55)	0.793
C-reactive protein	141.87 (±177.39)	177.39 (±134.83)	0.059