Circulating Prokineticin 2 Levels Are Increased in Children with Obesity and Correlated with Insulin Resistance

Table 2

Comparison of clinical and laboratory parameters between obese group with or without NALFD.

Parameters	Without NAFLD group (n = 69)	With NAFLD group (n = 22)	value
Gender (M/F)	43/26	17/5	0.197
Age (year)	9.52 ± 2.61	10.45 ± 2.02	0.128
BMI (kg/m^2)	26.48 ± 3.65	29.18 ± 3.60	0.003
BMI z-score	2.71 ± 1.10	2.88 ± 1.05	0.536
Fins (mU/L)	23 (13.35–30.90)	34.40 (23.73–49.38)	0.002
FBG (mmol/L)	5.25 ± 0.44	5.35 ± 0.61	0.401
HOMA-IR	5.60 (3.08–7.25)	7.82 (5.96–12.04)	0.001
TG (mmol/L)	1.26 ± 0.55	1.60 ± 0.62	0.016
TC (mmol/L)	4.11 ± 0.74	4.02 ± 0.92	0.785
HDL-C (mmol/L)	1.30 ± 0.28	1.14 ± 0.21	0.010
LDL-C (mmol/L)	2.51 ± 0.72	2.46 ± 0.78	0.949
ALT (U/L)	27.6 (18.5–38.3)	60.9 (43.2–112.5)	<0.001
AST (U/L)	25.2 (23.0–31.0)	42.5 (25.7–61.4)	<0.001
GGT (U/L)	18 (14.9–24.5)	36.3 (30.5–70.1)	<0.001
Prokineticin 2 (pg/mL)	14885.4 ± 4145.8	15099.6 ± 3927.2	0.831
IL-6 (pg/mL)	5.20 (1.53–7.87)	5.49 (2.17–10.87)	0.974
TNF-α (pg/mL)	8.18 (3.47–12.29)	12.59 (7.88–17.15)	0.030
WBC (×10^9/L)	7.75 ± 2.29	8.06 ± 2.00	0.563
Neutrophils (×10^9/L)	4.41 ± 1.78	4.47 ± 1.31	0.890

Data are shown as means ± SD or median (interquartile range). BMI, body mass index; Fins, fasting insulin; FBG, fasting blood glucose; HOMA-IR, the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; TG, triglyceride; TC, total cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase; IL-6, interleukin-6; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; WBC, white blood cells.