Incidence and Factors Associated with Postoperative Delayed Hyponatremia after Transsphenoidal Pituitary Surgery: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

Table 1

Summary of demographics of selected studies.

First author (year)	Study design	Country	No. of pts	Type of surgery	Male (%)	Age (year)	Tumour pathology	Macroadenoma vs. Microadenoma	NOS score
Rajaratnam (2020)	Retrospective	India	222	mTSS/eTSS	63	45	NFPA 100%	100% vs. 0%	6
Schur (2020)	Retrospective	Canada	84	eTSS	56	54.1	N/A	100% vs. 0%	6
Patel (2019)	Retrospective	USA	367	eTSS	46	48.5	NFPA 44%, PRL 13%, ACTH-secreting 13%, GH-secreting 4%, atypical 1%, RCC 10%, craniopharyngioma 4%, meningioma 3%, others 3%	100% vs. 0%	6
Younus (2019)	Retrospective	USA	584	eTSS	51	N/A	NFPA 39%, acromegaly 21%, PRL 26%, Cushing 14%	N/A	8
Yoon (2019)	Retrospective	Korea	234	eTSS	49	54.4	NFPA 100%	N/A	8
Tomita (2019)	Retrospective	Japan	107	eTSS	36	54	NFPA 69%, GHoma 22%, Cushing 5%, PRLoma 4%, TSHoma 1%	N/A	6
Agam (2018)	Retrospective	USA	1153	mTSS/eTSS	46	49.5	NFPA 54.0%, GHoma 14.6%, PRLoma 14.1%, ACTHoma 12.2%, other 5.0%	N/A	6
Bohl (2018)	Retrospective	USA	172	mTSS/eTSS	57	51.9	NFPA 59.6%, PRLoma 14.9%, acromegaly 8.5%, Cushing 9.0%, TSHoma 0.5%, others 8.0%	N/A	6
Burke (2018)	Retrospective	USA	788	mTSS/eTSS	45	47.7	NFPA 20.3%, PRLoma 6.6%, Cushing 10.5%, acromegaly 12.3%, TSHoma 0.5%, RCC 8.9%, other 4.7%	N/A	6
Deaver (2018)	Retrospective	USA	287	mTSS/eTSS	51	53	NFPA: 15.7%, functioning: 82.9%, other: 1.4%	85.7% vs. 14.3%	6
Hollon (2018)	Retrospective	USA	400	eTSS	54	53.9	NF 59.8%, acromegaly 22.8%, Cushing 13.0%, PRL 4.0%, TSHoma 0.5%	84.7% vs. 15.3%	8
Krogh (2018)	Retrospective	UK	314	mTSS/eTSS	49	53.1	NFPA 40.8%, acromegaly 12.4%, Cushing 4.4%, PRL 4.5%, craniopharyngioma 6.4%, Rathke cleft cyst 6.1%, meningioma 3.2%, other 19.4%	41% vs. 59%	8
Bohl (2016)	Retrospective	USA	303	mTSS/eTSS	54	52.9	NFPA 67.3%, acromegaly 9.9%, Cushing 7.9%, TSHoma 1.0%, PRLoma 11.9%, others 2%	N/A	6
Barber (2014)	Retrospective	USA	344	mTSS/eTSS	45	48	NFPA 66.3%, functional adenoma 16.0%, RCC 14.0%	N/A	6
Yamada (2014)	Retrospective	Japan	90	mTSS/eTSS	48	42	TSHoma 100%	82% vs.18%	6
Hussain (2013)	Prospective	USA	339	mTSS/eTSS	39	48	NFPA 33%, Cushing 24%, PRLoma 10.5%, acromegaly 8.5%, RCC 2.9%	N/A	6
Mamelak (2013)	Retrospective	USA	300	eTSS	43	51.6	NF 50.7%, ACTHoma 4%, GHoma 13.7%, PRLoma 5.7%, RCC 10%, other 15.9%	N/A	6
Chen (2011)	Prospective	China	385	eTSS	53	51	NFPA 100%	8% vs. 92%	6
Kinoshita (2011)	Retrospective	Japan	88	mTSS	32	47.9	NFPA 27%, GHoma 20.5%, PRLoma35.2%, FSH or LHoma 13.6%, TSHoma 3.4%	N/A	6
Zada (2010)	Retrospective	USA	169	eTSS	54	44	Acromegaly 100%	61% vs. 39%	6
Lee (2008)	Retrospective	Korea	94	mTSS	54	42.8	NFPA 53%, PRLoma 31%, GHoma 12%, ACTHoma 4%	10% vs. 90%	6
Zada (2007)	Retrospective	USA	369	eTSS	46	48	NFPA 50%, PRLoma 12%, GHoma 12%, Cushing 9%, RCC 9%, others 8%	76% vs. 24%	6
Sata (2006)	Retrospective	Japan	105	mTSS/eTSS	35	43	NFPA 38%, acromegaly 25%, RCC 15%, PRLoma 12%, Cushing 2%, others 8%	11% vs. 89%	6
Hensen (1999)	Retrospective	Germany	1571	mTSS	43	44.5	NFPA 34%, Cushing 15%, acromegaly 26%, PRLoma 22.8%, others 2.2%	64% vs. 30%	6
Kelly (1995)	Retrospective	USA	99	mTSS	32	45	N/A	35% vs. 64%	6
Taylor (1995)	Retrospective	USA	2297	mTSS	36	N/A	N/A	N/A	6
Sane (1994)	Prospective	Finland	91	mTSS	48	45	NFPA 29%, GHoma 26%, ACTHoma 20%, PRLoma 15%, gonadotropinomas 3%, others 7%	35% vs. 65%	6

ACTHoma, adrenocorticotropic hormone-secreting adenoma; eTSS, endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery; FSH, follicular-stimulating hormone; GHoma, growth hormone-secreting adenoma; LHoma, luteinizing hormone adenoma; mTSS, microscopic transsphenoidal surgery; N/A, not applicable; NFPA, nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma; NOS, Newcastle-Ottawa Scale; PRLoma, prolactinoma; RCC, Rathke's cleft cysts; TSHoma, thyroid-stimulating hormone-secreting adenoma.