Association between Metabolic Syndrome and Osteoporosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 4

Subgroup analyses for comparing nonosteoporosis to osteoporosis with or without MS.

Group	No. of datasets	OR (95% CI)		for heterogeneity	I^2 (%)
Definitions of MS
NCEPATP III	7	0.67 (0.54, 0.84)	<0.001	0.253	23.1
CDS	1	3.16 (1.28, 5.21)	0.001	—	—
Harmonization criteria	2	0.54 (0.23, 1.30)	0.169	<0.001	82.1
Country
Asian	7	0.86 (0.60, 1.23)	0.404	0.003	69.6
Non-Asian	3	0.46 (0.23, 0.89)	0.021	0.025	73.0
Quality of studies
Moderate	3	0.80 (0.55, 1.15)	0.231	0.400	0
High	7	0.70 (0.45, 1.08)	0.108	<0.001	80.6
Confounding factors
Adjusted	7	0.81 (0.54, 1.21)	0.303	<0.001	75.5
Unadjusted	3	0.54 (0.31, 0.95)	0.033	<0.061	64.2

Note. MS, metabolic syndrome; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; NCEPATP III, the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria; CDS, Chinese Diabetes Society.