Association between Serum Total Testosterone Level and Bone Mineral Density in Middle-Aged Postmenopausal Women

Table 3

Association between serum total testosterone levels (ng/dL) and lumbar bone mineral density (mg/cm²), stratified by body mass index (BMI) and race.

	Model 1 β (95% CI)	Model 2 β (95% CI)	Model 3 β (95% CI)
Stratified by BMI
BMI (<25 kg/m^2)	1.48 (−0.63, 3.60)	0.10 (−1.89, 2.10)	0.20 (−1.81, 2.21)
BMI (25–29.9 kg/m^2)	2.37 (0.55, 4.20)	2.33 (0.53, 4.12)	2.60 (0.73, 4.47)
BMI (≥30 kg/m^2)	1.01 (−0.19, 2.20)	0.81 (−0.37, 1.99)	0.27 (−0.93, 1.47)
Stratified by race
Non-Hispanic white	1.53 (0.11, 2.95)	1.51 (0.09, 2.93)	1.09 (−0.36, 2.54)
Non-Hispanic black	2.09 (−0.02, 4.21)	2.02 (−0.06, 4.10)	1.81 (−0.29, 3.91)
Mexican American	−0.68 (−3.38, 2.03)	−1.04 (−3.63, 1.56)	−0.13 (−2.92, 2.67)
Other race/ethnicity	1.29 (−0.65, 3.23)	1.37 (−0.52, 3.26)	1.13 (−0.79, 3.06)

Model 1: no covariates were adjusted. Model 2: age and race were adjusted. Model 3: age, race, body mass index, education level, income to poverty ratio, moderate activities,, age since menopause, blood urea nitrogen, serum uric acid, total protein, serum phosphorus, and serum calcium were adjusted. , , and .