Effects of Low-Dose Spironolactone Combined with Metformin or Either Drug Alone on Insulin Resistance in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Pilot Study
Table 2
Comparison of the three groups before and after treatment.
MET group (n = 54)
SPI group (n = 53)
COM group (n = 51)
Week 0
Week 12
Week 0
Week 12
Week 0
Week 12
Number of menstruation per year (normal ≥8/year)
5.7 ± 2.1
5.9 ± 2.1
6.1 ± 1.9
6.9 ± 2.4
5.8 ± 1.8
6.1 ± 2.3
SBP (mm Hg)
112 ± 11
112 ± 11
124 ± 13
123 ± 11
117 ± 9
117 ± 8
DBP (mm Hg)
72 ± 13
72 ± 12
79 ± 10
78 ± 8
76 ± 8
74 ± 7
Weight (kg)
63.2 ± 12.4
61.8 ± 11.6a
65.5 ± 16.8
63.7 ± 16.2a
56.5 ± 9.0
54.6 ± 8.8
BMI (kg/m2)
25.6 ± 4.5
25.0 ± 4.2
25.9 ± 6.7
25.2 ± 6.5
25.4 ± 3.7
24.7 ± 3.6
WHR
0.87 ± 0.07
0.83 ± 0.04
0.87 ± 0.09
0.82 ± 0.07
0.86 ± 0.09
0.81 ± 0.10
LH/FSH
1.67 ± .95
1.4 ± 0.90a
1.86 ± 0.90
1.59 ± 0.81a
2.06 ± 0.99
1.92 ± 0.99a
TC (mmol/L)
4.81 ± 1.01
4.46 ± 0.68a
4.91 ± 1.40
4.75 ± 0.98
4.74 ± 0.98
4.64 ± 0.71
TT (nmol/L)
2.25 ± 1.25
2.05 ± 0.89a
2.09 ± 0.80
1.79 ± 0.69a
2.50 ± 1.03
1.88 ± 0.60a
FAI
6.71 ± 8.87
5.78 ± 7.62a
6.99 ± 5.26
4.88 ± 4.2a
7.07 ± 4.21
3.58 ± 3.0a
QUICKI
0.33 ± 0.03
0.36 ± 0.03a
0.34 ± 0.03
0.34 ± 0.02
0.34 ± 0.03
0.36 ± 0.03a
HOMA-IR
3.30 ± 2.34
1.92 ± 1.07a
3.02 ± 1.90
2.38 ± 1.14a
2.47 ± 1.63
1.71 ± 0.91a
HOMA-β
224.6 ± 166.8
1978.0 ± 7068
299.6 ± 381
867.76 ± 651
179.9 ± 99
973.7 ± 1264a
FBG (mmol/L)
4.94 ± 0.63
4.65 ± 0.45
4.79 ± 0.55
5.02 ± 0.58
4.84 ± 0.61
4.68 ± 0.58
FINS (mU/L)
14.95 ± 9.61
9.14 ± 4.81a
13.87 ± 8.08
10.62 ± 4.77a
11.24 ± 7.1
8.15 ± 3.92a
mF-G score
4.2 ± 2.1
3.9 ± 1.3
4.2 ± 1.3
4.1 ± 1.5
4.1 ± 1.4
4.0 ± 1.2
AUCins
289.6 ± 151
273.3 ± 131a
282.5 ± 146.4
271.2 ± 143.2a
267.8 ± 126
232.1 ± 121.3a
AUCglu
22.8 ± 5.4
20.6 ± 4.3a
21.0 ± 4.8
19.2 ± 4.6
20.5 ± 5.0
17.5 ± 4.2a
Rosenfield score
0.89 ± 1.01
0.84 ± 0.98
0.90 ± 0.92
0.88 ± 0.90
0.85 ± 1.05
0.83 ± 1.00
aP < 0.05 week 0 vs. week 12. MET: metformin; SPI: spironolactone; COM: combined; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; BMI: body mass index; WHR: waist-hip ratio; LH/FSH: luteinizing hormone/follicular-stimulating hormone; TC: total cholesterol; TT: total testosterone; FAI: free androgen index; QUICKI: quantitative insulin sensitivity check index; HOMA: homeostatic model assessment; IR: insulin resistance; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; FINS: fasting insulin; mG-G score: modified Ferriman–Gallwey score; AUCglu: oral glucose tolerance test area under curve-glucose; AUCins: oral glucose tolerance test area under curve-insulin.