Effects of Low-Dose Spironolactone Combined with Metformin or Either Drug Alone on Insulin Resistance in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Pilot Study

Table 3

Comparison of the outcomes among the three groups after 12 weeks of treatment.

	MET group (n = 54)	SPI group (n = 53)	COM group (n = 51)
Number of menstruation per year (normal ≥8/year)	5.9 ± 2.1	6.9 ± 2.4	6.1 ± 2.3
SBP (mm Hg)	112 ± 11	123 ± 11	117 ± 8
DBP (mm Hg)	72 ± 12	78 ± 8	74 ± 7
Weight (kg)	61.8 ± 11.6	63.7 ± 16.2	54.6 ± 8.8
BMI (kg/m^2)	25.0 ± 4.2	25.2 ± 6.5	24.7 ± 3.6
WHR	0.83 ± 0.04	0.82 ± 0.07	0.81 ± 0.10
LH/FSH	1.40 ± 0.90	1.59 ± 0.81	1.92 ± 0.99
TC (mmol/L)	4.46 ± 0.68	4.75 ± 0.98	4.64 ± 0.71
TT (nmol/L)	2.05 ± 0.89	1.79 ± 0.69	1.88 ± 0.60^ab
FAI	5.78 ± 7.62	4.88 ± 4.2	3.58 ± 3.0^ab
QUICKI	0.36 ± 0.03	0.34 ± 0.02	0.36 ± 0.03
HOMA-IR	1.92 ± 1.07	2.38 ± 1.14	1.71 ± 0.91^ab
HOMA-β	1978.0 ± 7068	867.76 ± 651	973.7 ± 1264^b
FBG (mmol/L)	4.65 ± 0.45	5.02 ± 0.58	4.68 ± 0.58^b
FINS (mU/L)	9.14 ± 4.81	10.62 ± 4.77	8.15 ± 3.92
mF-G score	3.9 ± 1.3	4.1 ± 1.5	4.0 ± 1.2
AUCins	273.3 ± 131	271.2 ± 143.2	232.1 ± 121.3^ab
AUCglu	20.6 ± 4.3	19.2 ± 4.6	17.5 ± 4.2
Rosenfield score	0.84 ± 0.98	0.88 ± 0.90	0.83 ± 1.00

^aP < 0.05 vs. metformin. ^bP < 0.05 vs. spironolactone. MET: metformin; SPI: spironolactone; COM: combined; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; BMI: body mass index; WHR: waist-hip ratio; LH/FSH: luteinizing hormone/follicular-stimulating hormone; TC: total cholesterol; TT: total testosterone; FAI: free androgen index; QUICKI: quantitative insulin sensitivity check index; HOMA: homeostatic model assessment; IR: insulin resistance; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; FINS: fasting insulin; mG-G score: modified Ferriman–Gallwey score; AUCglu: oral glucose tolerance test area under curve-glucose; AUCins: oral glucose tolerance test area under curve-insulin.