Expert Opinion on the Diagnosis and Management of Male Hypogonadism in India

Table 2

Expert opinion on medical history assessment.

---

During medical history assessment, several factors may indicate presence of low testosterone levels, including

---

Sexual history

 (i) Lack of nocturnal erection

 (ii) Absence of premature ejaculation

 (iii) Lack of libido

Medical history

 (i) Comorbidities involving lung, heart, liver, and kidney disorders

 (ii) History of gynecomastia

Psychological history

 (i) Anxiety or depression, and use of drugs for such conditions

Medication history

 (i) Medical history of hormonal medication (before hormonal screening)

 (ii) Use of antihypertensive drugs, especially propranolol

 (iii) Withdrawal of any testosterone therapy

 (iv) Use of dopaminergic drugs

Surgical history

---