Some Unresolved Issues of Measuring the Efficiency of Pollinators: Experimentally Testing and Assessing the Predictive Power of Different Methods

Table 6

Foraging modes, number of foragers, foraging rates, and pollen transfer efficiency of different flower visitors of toria (Brassica campestris).

Parameter	Foraging mode	Visitor species
		Andrena ilerda	Apis dorsata	Apis florea	Apis mellifera
No. of foragers /m^2(a)	N	0	0	3.94±0.49	0.97±0.08 (b)
	P	0	0.19±0.02	1.07±0.09	0.67±0.05 (c)
	NP	0.73±0.05	1.91±0.18	4.14±0.52	2.11±0.21 (c)
	N+P+NP	0.73±0.05	2.10±0.20	9.15±0.10	3.75±0.50 (c)
Foraging rate (per minute)(a)	N	0	0	nt	nt
	P	0	9.33±1.4	6.3±0.72	11.46±1.35 (c)
	NP	9.39±1.6	5.5±0.7	2.50±0.39	8.45±0.69 (c)
PTE (per minute)		9.39	5.85	1.87	6.80

Abbreviations are as in Table 5.