International Journal of Genomics

Review Article

On the Diversification of the Translation Apparatus across Eukaryotes

Table 1

Specialized activities of eIF4 proteins.
ProteinaActivityReference
eIF4E cognates
 Dm eIF4E-1, M eIF4E-1, Ce IFE-3,  Sp eIF4E-1, Sc eIF4E, Plant eIF4E and  eIF(iso)4E, Z eIF4E-1A, Gl eIF4E-2;  Tb eIF4E-3 and eIF4E-4; Lm eIF4E-1  and eIF4E-4Supports general cap-dependent initiation of translation. Essential gene. [49, 54, 55, 57, 58, 62, 64, 65, 67, 72, 81–84]
 M eIF4E-1mRNA nucleocytoplasm transport.[85]
 Dm eIF4E-1Involved in sex-lethal (Sxl)-dependent female-specific alternative splicing of male specific lethal-2 (msl-2) mRNA and Sxl pre-mRNAs.[86]
 Sp eIF4E-2Supports cap-dependent translation initiation during stress response.[62]
 Ce IFE-1Required for gametogenesis.[87–89]
 Ce IFE-2Involved in chromosome segregation at meiosis at elevated temperatures.[90]
 Ce IFE-4Promotes expression of specific mRNAs involved in egg lying. Nonessential gene.[74]
 Dm eIF4E-3Testis-specific protein, essential for spermatogenesis.[91]
 La eF4E-4Supports translation in promastigotes stage.[71]
 Dm 4E-HP, M 4E-HPNegative regulator of translation.[58, 73, 77, 78]
 Xl eIF4E-1BNegative regulator of translation.[57, 79]
 La eIF4E-1Represses translation under heat shock conditions.[71]
 Gl eIF4E-1Involved in nuclear snRNAs metabolism and play no role in translation.[64]
 Tb eIF4E-1 and eIF4E-2Essential genes. Play no role in translation.[49]
eIF4G cognates
 M eIF4G-I and eIF4G-II, Dm eIF4G,  Sc eIF4G-I and eIF4G-II, plant eIF4G and Plant eIF(iso)4G, Ce p170 of IFG-1,Scaffold protein. Supports general cap- and IRES-dependent initiation of translation.[55, 60, 67, 71, 92–96]
 Dm eIF4G-2Support translation initiation in testis.[47, 48]
 M eIF4G-2Involved in hematopoietic cell differentiation.[97]
 M eIF4G-3Essential for spermatogenesis.[98]
 Ce IFG-1p130 of ifg-1 gene is involved in mitotic and early meiotic germ cell development.[93]
 La eIF4G-3Supports translation in promastigotes stage.[71]
aAt, Arabidopsis thaliana; Ce, Caenorhabditis elagans; Dm, Drosophila melanogaster; Lm, Leishmania major; La, Leishmania amazonensis; M, mammalian; Nt, N. tabacum; Sc, Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Sp, Schizosaccharomyces pombe; W, wheat germ; Xl, Xenopus laevis; Z, zebra fish; Gl, Giardia lamblia; Tb, Trypanosoma brusei.