Alternative Mechanisms to Initiate Translation in Eukaryotic mRNAs

Table 2

Distribution of IRES elements in cellular mRNAs.

Organism	Protein function	IRES name	Reference
Mammals	Apoptotic proteins	Apaf-1	[60]
		XIAP	[56]
		HIAP2/c-IAP1	[57]
		DAP5	[58]
		Bcl-2	[61]
	Oncogene	c-myc	[77]
	Amino acid starvation	CAT-1	[46]
	Nutrient signaling	INR	[59]
	Differentiation	LEF-1	[65]
		PDGF2	[66]
	Hypoxia	HIF-1a	[50]
		VEGF	[55]
		FGF2	[53]
	Heat shock	BiP	[51]
		BAG-1	[49]
	Cold shock	CIRP	[48]
	DNA damage response	p53	[47]
		SHMT1	[54]
	Mitosis	PITSLREp58	[50]
		CDK1	[61]
Insects	Apoptotic proteins,	Rpr, hid	[62]
	Heat shock	hsp70	[63]
		grim, skl
	Homeotic protein	Antennapedia	[64]
	Insulin signaling	dFoxO	[67]
		dInR	[68]
	Alcohol dehydrogenase	Adh-Adhr	[69]
Plants	Heat shock	HSP101	[70]
	Alcohol dehydrogenase	ADH	[71]
Yeast	Nitrogen assimilation	URE-2	[72]
	glucose starvation	GPR1, NCE102	[73]
		YMR181a, MSN1
		BOI1, FLO8, GIC1