A Comparison Effect of Copper Nanoparticles versus Copper Sulphate on Juvenile Epinephelus coioides: Growth Parameters, Digestive Enzymes, Body Composition, and Histology as Biomarkers

Figure 1

Effects of Cu-NPs and CuSO₄ on digestive enzyme activities (protease ((a), (d), (g)), amylase ((b), (e), (h)), and lipase ((c), (f), (i)) in liver ((a)–(c)), stomach ((d)–(f)), and intestines ((g)–(i)) of juvenile Epinephelus coioides after 25-day exposure.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

(g)

(h)

(i)