Integrating Genomic Data Sets for Knowledge Discovery: An Informed Approach to Management of Captive Endangered Species

Figure 5

Bidirectional communication validates genomics predictions and enhances management. A communication network consisting of genomics scientists (red), species survival plan members (green), zoo animal caretakers (purple), and zoo veterinarians (blue) is illustrated schematically showing some of the possible communication paths and associated role of stakeholders in the network. Genomics scientists can provide genomics knowledge in which specific members of the endangered captive population are annotated as “susceptible” to an undesirable clinically relevant phenotype (red stars). Members of the population that are considered to be less susceptible are shown as well (dark blue stars). Red arrows originating from the genomics scientists and pointing at members of the captive population within zoos (red stars) represent the genomic knowledge applied to the captive population. Zoo veterinarians provide clinical assessment of phenotypes (blue circles around either red or dark blue stars) and subsequently validate genomics predictions. Species survival plan members select breeding pairs (green circle surrounding two stars) which can be informed by genomics information. For example, animals that are carriers for autosomal recessive undesirable phenotypes can be bred with partners that do not contain the undesirable allele, thereby allowing maximized genetic diversity while simultaneously minimizing the production of offspring with undesirable phenotypes. Zoo animal caretakers interact with the animals on a daily basis and provide and implement treatment and husbandry plans as well as serving as the eyes and ears for the endangered species. Purple arrows originating from the zoo animal caretakers and pointing to stars represent daily interactions of the zoo staff with the animals in the capacity of health, husbandry, breeding, socialization, and enrichment. The large colored arrows between the four stake holder’s boxes represent examples of the types of bidirectional communication that can occur within the network to maximize the value of all information for the benefit of the endangered captive population.