Detection of Leakage Areas in an Earth Embankment from GPR Measurements and Permeability Logging

<div>Scheme of the Perméafor test procedure. 1: water tank, 2: pump, 3: flow meter, 4: pressure sensor, 5: data logger, 6: patented Perméafor tip, 7: displacement transducer, 8: geotechnical drill device, 9: casing connector, and 10: conventional casing. <svg height="9.04777pt" id="M28" style="vertical-align:-0.04981995pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.99795 10.5164 9.04777" width="10.5164pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.0135,0,0,-0.0135,0,0)"><path d="M743 375C743 570 607 650 407 650H136L130 622C214 612 220 606 204 526L125 122C110 43 105 36 24 27L17 0H250C382 0 482 23 571 76C680 141 743 248 743 375ZM644 379C644 188 520 36 305 36C277 36 249 38 229 46C205 55 202 71 212 126L293 553C300 588 306 600 317 606C330 613 356 617 390 617C547 617 644 537 644 379Z" id="g113-69"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="766" vert-adv-y="766"></glyph.data></g></svg> is the diameter of the screened tip (50 mm) and <svg height="9.04777pt" id="M29" style="vertical-align:-0.04981995pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.99795 7.61985 9.04777" width="7.61985pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.0135,0,0,-0.0135,0,0)"><path d="M541 160L512 170C485 116 462 88 439 67C411 41 376 35 318 35C272 35 238 37 224 48C207 61 205 85 212 121L290 533C305 611 308 615 391 622L397 650H139L133 622C217 615 221 612 206 533L126 118C111 41 103 34 23 26L17 0H474C489 31 528 124 541 160Z" id="g113-77"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="553" vert-adv-y="553"></glyph.data></g></svg> is its length (50 mm).</div>

International Journal of Geophysics

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Figure 9

Figure 9: Detection of Leakage Areas in an Earth Embankment from GPR Measurements and Permeability Logging 