Hepatic Angiomyolipoma: Diagnostic Findings and Management

Table 1

Summary of hepatic angiomyolipoma with progressive growth, recurrence, and metastasis.

Case	Author	Tumor size (cm)	Tumor growth	Resection	Invasive growth	Portal vein thrombus	Recurrence	Metastasis	Prognosis	Clinical features
1	Ohmori et al. [16]	Tumor grew to 18 cm	+	−	+	N/A	−	−	D	Liver dysfunction
2	Dalle et al. [17]	Tumor grew from 15 to 26 cm in 5 years	+	+	+	+	+, 15 cm	+, peritoneum, liver	D
3	Flemming et al. [18]	0.5 and 10 cm	+	+	+	−	+, 20 cm	+, liver	A	Second resection was performed
4	Kamimura et al. [12]	3.5	+	+	+	+	−	−	A
5	Rimola et al. [19]	Tumor grew from 6 to 11 in 8 years	+	−	−	N/A	N/A	N/A	A
6	Chang et al. [9]	Tumor grew from 8 to 27 in a year	+	+	−	−	N/A	−	A
7	Croquet et al. [20]	19	+	+	N/A	N/A	+, 33 cm	−	A	Second resection was performed
8	Rouquie et al. [21]	9	N/A	+	+	+	−	−	A
9	Nguyen et al. [22]	11	N/A	+	+	+	+	+, liver, peritoneum, gastrohepatic omentum, and retroperitoneum.	D
10	Deng et al. [23]	18	N/A	+	+	+	+, 11 cm	+, lung	D
11	Yang et al. [3]	13	N/A	+	+	+	+	+, liver, lung	D
12	Parfitt et al. [24]	14	N/A	+	+	N/A*	+	+, trapezius muscle, lung, pancreas	D
13	Ding et al. [8]	8	N/A	+	N/A	N/A	+	−	D

N/A: information was not applicable.
D: dead and A: alive.
*Portal vein invasion was found in recurrent tumors.