Research Article
Infrahepatic Inferior Vena Cava Clamping Reduces Blood Loss during Liver Transection for Cholangiocarcinoma
| | Variables | IVC clamping () | No IVC clamping () | value | | (%) or mean (95% CI) | (%) or mean (95% CI) |
| | Overall morbidity | 17 | (43.6%) | 28 | (36.4%) | 0.451 | | Hepatobiliary complications | | | | | 0.313 | | Posthepatectomy liver failure | 8 | (20.5%) | 6 | (7.8%) | | | Bile leakage | 1 | (2.6%) | 3 | (3.9%) | | | Stricture/cholangitis | 0 | (0%) | 1 | (1.3%) | | | Transient hyperbilirubinemia | 2 | (5.1%) | 7 | (9.1%) | | | General complications | | | | | | | Wound complication | 8 | (20.5%) | 9 | (11.7%) | 0.204 | | Pulmonary embolism | 0 | (0%) | 1 | (1.3%) | 0.475 | | Pneumonia | 0 | (0%) | 3 | (3.9%) | 0.212 | | Cardiac complication | 1 | (2.6%) | 6 | (7.8%) | 0.264 | | Acute kidney injury | 1 | (2.6%) | 1 | (1.3%) | 0.621 | | Postoperative stay (days) | 13.4 | (11.5-15.3) | 12.9 | (11.1-14.8) | 0.76 | | Cholesterol | | | | | | | Postoperative day 1 | 133.8 | (122.5-145.2) | 133.9 | (125.3-142.4) | 1.00 | | Postoperative day 3 | 108.7 | (99.5-117.9) | 110.3 | (103.6-117.0) | 0.79 | | Postoperative day 5 | 101.5 | (94.3-108.7) | 100.8 | (94.3-107.2) | 0.89 | | Serum albumin | | | | | | | Postoperative day 1 | 3.0 | (2.9-3.1) | 3.0 | (2.9-3.1) | 0.65 | | Postoperative day 3 | 2.9 | (2.8-3.1) | 2.9 | (2.8-2.9) | 0.46 | | Postoperative day 5 | 2.9 | (2.7-3.0) | 2.9 | (2.8-2.9) | 0.96 | | Total bilirubin | | | | | | | Postoperative day 1 | 2.7 | (1.9-3.5) | 3.1 | (2.2-4.1) | 0.58 | | Postoperative day 3 | 2.4 | (1.6-3.1) | 2.7 | (1.8-3.6) | 0.64 | | Postoperative day 5 | 2.5 | (1.7-3.3) | 2.7 | (1.7-3.6) | 0.82 | | Alanine aminotransferase | | | | | | | Postoperative day 1 | 329.4 | (236.7-422.2) | 269.8 | (216.3-323.2) | 0.23 | | Postoperative day 3 | 170.0 | (136.8-203.3) | 170.6 | (137.7-203.5) | 0.98 | | Postoperative day 5 | 95.6 | (72.2-118.9) | 89.2 | (72.1-106.4) | 0.66 | | Aspartate aminotransferase | | | | | | | Postoperative day 1 | 429.7 | (328.9-530.6) | 351.4 | (282.2-420.6) | 0.20 | | Postoperative day 3 | 145.3 | (93.8-196.9) | 124.1 | (102.8-145.3) | 0.37 | | Postoperative day 5 | 54.0 | (41.6-66.4) | 55.7 | (48.1-63.4) | 0.81 | | International normalized ratio (PT/INR) | | | | | | | Postoperative day 1 | 1.3 | (1.27-1.4) | 1.3 | (1.26-1.34) | 0.35 | | Postoperative day 3 | 1.4 | (1.3-1.5) | 1.4 | (1.35-1.45) | 0.63 | | Postoperative day 5 | 1.4 | (1.33-1.5) | 1.4 | (1.34 -1.49) | 0.90 | | Postoperative mortality | | | | | | | 30 days | 0 | (0%) | 0 | (0%) | | | 60 days | 0 | (0%) | 3 | (3.9%) | | | Survival (95% CI) | | | | | 0.8891 | | Median (day) | 1,257 | (792-1,654) | 1,351 | (800-1,641) | | | 1-year survival | 79.5% | (63.1-89.1) | 81.6% | (70.9-88.7) | | | 3-year survival | 53.9% | (37.1-67.9) | 56.3% | (44.4-66.7) | |
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