Research Article
Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Single-Center 3-Year Experience from Somalia
Table 3
Characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients by Child-Pugh Score (
), Jan 2017–Dec 2019, Somalia.
| | Child A
(, %) | Child B
(, %) | Child C
(, %) | |
| | Age | 55 (18-100) | 49 (20-87) | 38 (22-88) | 0.050 | | Gender | | | | | | Male | 143 (73) | 34 (17.3) | 19 (9.7) | 0.863 | | Female | 53 (75.7) | 12 (17.1) | 5 (7.1) | | Etiology | | | | | | HBV | 66 (60.6) | 28 (25.7) | 15 (13.8) | <0.001 | | HCV | 31 (75.6) | 8 (19.5) | 2 (4.9) | 0.634 | | Non-HBV non-HCV | 47 (17.6) | 44 (16.7) | 24 (9.1) | 0.091 | | HBV + HCV co-infection | 1 (33.3) | 2 (66.7) | 0 (0) | 0.091 | | Comorbidities | | | | | | Diabetes mellitus | 10 (83.3) | 2 (16.7) | 0 (0) | 0.782 | | Malaria | 19 (61.3) | 6 (19.4) | 6 (19.4) | 0.459 | | Tuberculosis | 19 (61.3) | 6 (19.4) | 6 (19.4) | 0.482 | | HIV | 9 (60) | 3 (20) | 3 (20) | 0.185 | | Cirrhosis | 54 (69.2) | 14 (17.9) | 10 (12.8) | 0.352 | | Imaging findings | | | | | | Number of nodules | | | | | | Unifocal | 29 (67.4) | 10 (23.3) | 4 (9.3) | 0.384 | | Multifocal | 32 (71.1) | 6 (13.3) | 7 (15.6) | | Maximal tumor size (cm) | | | | | | <5 cm | 90 (72.6) | 16 (12.9) | 18 (14.5) | 0.013 | | 5-10 | 28 (73.7) | 10 (26.3) | 0 (0) | | >10 | 78 (75) | 20 (19.2) | 6 (5.8) | | Tumor distribution | | | | | | Unilobular | 169 (72.5) | 43 (18.5) | 21 (9) | 0.422 | | Bilobular | 27 (81.8) | 3 (9.1) | 3 (9.1) | | PVT (-) | 175 (77.8) | 33 (14.7) | 17 (7.6) | 0.002 | | PVT (+) | 21 (51.2) | 13 (31.7) | 7 (17.1) | | Laboratory results | | | | | | Hemoglobin g/dl | 7 (0-15) | 7 (3-14) | 6.5 (4-12) | 0.785 | | Platelets ×109 | 73 (0-996) | 75.5 (3-876) | 65 (6-578) | 0.795 | | WBC ×103 | 9 (0-987) | 14 (2-98) | 9 (5-856) | 0.534 | | ALT (U/L) | 35 (0-3456) | 64.5 (0-1260) | 227 (28-1476) | <0.001 | | AST (U/L) | 81.5 (0-16335) | 183.5 (0-4483) | 451 (143-10068) | <0.001 | | ALP (U/L) | 0 (0-1003) | 123 (0-805) | 455.5 (0-1750) | <0.001 | | GGT (U/L) | 0 (0-987) | 27.5 (0-768) | 64 (0-765) | 0.001 | | Albumin (g/dl) | 3 (0-5.1) | 2.7 (0-4.4) | 2.5 (0-4) | 0.721 | | Creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.6 (0-5.1) | 0.7 (0-8.3) | 0.8 (0.2-8.4) | 0.006 | | AFP | 2000 (201-2000) | 2000 (231-2000) | 1147.92 (205-2000) | 0.199 | | CRP | 53 (0-876) | 66.5 (0-987) | 75 (5-798) | 0.050 |
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Abbreviations: ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; PT: prothrombin time; GGT: gamma glutamyl transpeptidase; INR: international normalized ratio; :PT: prothrombin time; AFP: alpha fetoprotein; WBCs: white blood cells; CRP: C-reactive protein; PVT: portal vein thrombosis; normal values: ALT (5–45 U/L), AST (5–40 U/L), alkaline phosphatase (38–155 U/L), albumin (2.5–6.0 g/dL), total serum bilirubin (0.1–1.3 mg/dL), and serum direct bilirubin (0.0–8.4 mg/dL).
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