Cell-Phone Use and Self-Reported Hypertension: National Health Interview Survey 2008
Table 1
Characteristics of the participants by cell-phone use.
Characteristic
Cell-phone Nonusers ()
Predominantly landline users ()
Dual users of cell phone and landline ()
Predominantly Cell-phone users ()
P value
Age, years
44.52 ± 0.34
53.89 ± 0.42
45.98 ± 0.27
40.80 ± 0.43
<.0001
Female, %
49.90 ± 0.68
54.34 ± 1.01
51.44 ± 0.80
50.90 ± 1.15
.004
Smoking categories,%
<.0001
Never smoker
55.86 ± 0.70
54.23 ± 1.05
60.80 ± 0.86
60.51 ± 1.06
Current smoker
25.79 ± 0.62
18.47 ± 0.82
16.46 ± 0.64
19.05 ± 0.91
Former smoker
18.34 ± 0.51
27.29 ± 0.87
22.74 ± 0.73
20.44 ± 0.88
Alcohol intake, %
<.0001
Never drinker
23.53 ± 0.64
20.68 ± 0.89
19.90 ± 0.70
15.67 ± 0.84
Former drinker
15.55 ± 0.53
17.93 ± 0.69
12.56 ± 0.56
10.49 ± 0.68
Current light drinker
38.75 ± 0.70
41.55 ± 1.01
45.58 ± 0.82
49.11 ± 1.13
Current moderate drinker
14.62 ± 0.47
13.71 ± 0.70
15.84 ± 0.65
16.53 ± 0.77
Current heavy drinker
6.21 ± 0.33
5.05 ± 0.45
4.70 ± 0.36
6.91 ± 0.65
Unknown drinking status
1.34 ± 0.14
1.09 ± 0.19
1.41 ± 0.22
1.29 ± 0.28
Race/ethnicity, %
<.001
Non-Hispanic whites
63.54 ± 0.82
76.24 ± 0.85
71.61 ± 0.85
66.01 ± 1.15
Non-Hispanic blacks
13.86 ± 0.59
8.72 ± 0.48
10.36 ± 0.56
11.48 ± 0.77
Mexican Americans
16.45 ± 0.59
9.92 ± 0.59
11.35 ± 0.59
15.43 ± 0.82
Others
6.16 ± 0.35
5.13 ± 0.43
6.68 ± 0.40
7.08 ± 0.57
Education categories
<.0001
<high school
21.43 ± 0.64
14.39 ± 0.76
11.16 ± 0.59
9.74 ± 0.79
high school
29.35 ± 0.68
31.23 ± 0.99
25.43 ± 0.74
22.39 ± 1.02
>High school
49.22 ± 0.82
54.38 ± 1.03
63.42 ± 0.87
67.87 ± 1.18
Physical activity, %
53.18 ± 0.78
45.08 ± 1.05
42.57 ± 1.09
38.74 ± 1.30
<.0001
Body mass index, kg/m2
29.65 ± 0.20
30.12 ± 0.29
29.78 ± 0.21
28.92 ± 0.25
.2
Data presented are row percentages or mean values ± SE.
*
P value represents differences in means (SD) or proportions, using analysis of variance or Chi-square test.
