Cell-Phone Use and Self-Reported Hypertension: National Health Interview Survey 2008

Table 4

Association between cell-phone use and hypertension by gender.

Cell-phone use	Sample size	Weighted prevalence, %	Age-adjusted OR (95% CI)	Multivariable OR (95% CI)*
Men (𝑛=9,310)
Cell-phone nonusers	4218	28.92	1 (Referent)	1 (Referent)
Predominantly landline users	1444	42.31	1.12 (0.94–1.33)	1.07 (0.87–1.31)
Dual users of cell phone and landline	2343	30.35	0.98 (0.86–1.11)	0.95 (0.81–1.12)
Predominantly cell-phone users	1305	23.22	0.88 (0.74–1.04)	0.87 (0.72–1.06)
P (trend)			.1	.09
Women (𝑛=11,825)
Cell-phone nonusers	4972	35.92	1 (Referent)	1 (Referent)
Predominantly landline users	2162	43.48	0.88 (0.78–1.00)	1.05 (0.87–1.26)
Dual users of cell phone and landline	3077	28.83	0.75 (0.66–0.86)	0.90 (0.75–1.08)
Predominantly cell-phone users	1614	20.76	0.70 (0.59–0.83)	0.84 (0.68–1.04)
P (trend)			<.0001	.03

*Adjusted for age (years), ethnicity (non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic blacks, Mexican Americans, or others), smoking categories (never, former, or current), alcohol intake (never drinker, former drinker, current light drinker, current moderate drinker, current heavy drinker, or unknown drinking status), body mass index (kg/m²), education (<high school, high school, or >high school), landline use (absent or present), and moderate physical activity (times/week); P interaction =  .98.
^†All estimates were weighted to account for the complex survey design and survey nonresponse, using the sample adult record weight, to represent the U.S. civilian noninstitutionalized population aged ≥18 years.