Vagal Withdrawal and Sympathetic Overactivity Contribute to the Genesis of Early-Onset Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension

Table 1

Comparison of age, body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of the subjects of control group (subjects with normal pregnancy) with the subjects of study group I (those who had high risk for PIH, but did not develop PIH) and study group II (those who developed PIH later) at different weeks of pregnancy.

Parameters at different weeks	Control group (𝑛=38)	Study group I (𝑛=146)	Study group II (𝑛=31)	𝑃-values
At 12th week
Age (yr)	24.21 ± 3.12	23.85 ± 4.15	25.30 ± 3.60	.1734
BW (kg)	49.84 ± 10.70	53.10 ± 9.70	56.80 ± 15.06*	.0303
BMI (Kg/m^2)	20.26 ± 3.98	22.05 ± 4.76	24.32 ± 8.75**	.0088
BHR (per min)	74.44 ± 13.77	80.85 ± 12.80*	90.54 ± 15.54^***,##	<.0001
SBP (mm Hg)	103.60 ± 9.32	106.30 ± 8.92	113.34 ± 10.52^***, ###	<.0001
DBP (mm Hg)	59.34 ± 7.78	61.05 ± 7.90	65.90 ± 7.30^**, ##	.0016
At 24th week
BW (kg)	52.81 ± 10.81	55.70 ± 10.80	60.72 ± 14.84*	.0171
BMI (Kg/m^2)	21.97 ± 4.01	23.50 ± 7.15	26.56 ± 8.20*	.0208
BHR (per min)	78.92 ± 13.72	83.60 ± 11.70	91.24 ± 15.70^***,##	.0004
SBP (mm Hg)	104.44 ± 7.92	108.40 ± 9.64	120.81 ± 13.90^***,###	<.0001
DBP (mm Hg)	59.89 ± 6.14	62.56 ± 8.88	72.56 ± 10.20^***,###,f	<.0001
At 31st week
BW (kg)	56.28 ± 10.81f	59.10 ± 11.84fff,a	65.36 ± 16.40^**, #	.0110
BMI (Kg/m^2)	23.89 ± 4.00f	26.05 ± 5.70fff,aaa	28.80 ± 8.50**	.0039
BHR (per min)	87.08 ± 14.40fff,a	91.30 ± 10.90fff,aaa	96.24 ± 14.20**	.0096
SBP (mm Hg)	104.77 ± 8.26	110.26 ± 8.80^**,ff	128.78 ± 11.1^***,###,fff	<.0001
DBP (mm Hg)	62.00 ± 7.79	65.30 ± 7.92fff,a	82.28 ± 10.1^***,###,fff,aa	<.0001

The values are mean ± SD; analysis of each parameter between the groups and across the three weeks was done by one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey-Kramer post-hoc. The * mark indicates comparison with control group and the ^# mark indicates comparison with study group I. *𝑃<.05; **𝑃<.01; ***𝑃<.001; ^# 𝑃<.05; ^## 𝑃<.01; ^### 𝑃<.001. The findicates comparison with the 12th week and the aindicates comparison with the 24th week of respective groups. ^f𝑃<.05; ^fff𝑃<.001; ^a𝑃<.05; ^aa𝑃<.01. (𝑛=29 in study group at the 31st week).