Vagal Withdrawal and Sympathetic Overactivity Contribute to the Genesis of Early-Onset Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension

Table 2

Comparison of age, body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of the subjects of control group (subjects with normal pregnancy) with the subjects of study group I (those who had high risk for PIH, but did not develop PIH) and study group II (those who developed PIH later) at different weeks of pregnancy.

Parameters at different weeks	Control group (𝑛=38)	Study group I (𝑛=146)	Study group II (𝑛=31)	𝑃-values
At 12th week
TP (ms^2)	153.80 ± 96.09	149.90 ± 70.50	105.45 ± 75.30^*,#	.0099
LFnu	42.61 ± 20.66	46.20 ± 21.76**	57.14 ± 24.10^***,#	<.0001
HFnu	55.64 ± 20.90	51.90 ± 20.84	42.56 ± 21.33*	.0295
LF/HF ratio	1.16 ± 1.04	1.21 ± 0.94	2.45 ± 2.10^***,###	<.0001
Mean RR (s)	0.806 ± 0.10	0.75 ± 0.11*	0.665 ± 0.12^***,###	<.0001
SDNN (s)	0.028 ± 0.014	0.027 ± 0.013	0.020 ± 0.013^*,#	.0187
RMSSD (ms)	30.41 ± 20.54	30.07 ± 18.80	28.46 ± 18.80	.8983
At 24th week
TP (ms^2)	149.50 ± 69.29	130.50 ± 60.76f	82.40 ± 52.50^***,###	<.0001
LFnu	45.92 ± 20.37	50.30 ± 20.82	65.56 ± 21.70^***,###	.0003
HFnu	50.07 ± 20.37	46.90 ± 20.92	40.20 ± 21.18	.1383
LF-HF ratio	1.38 ± 1.04	1.68 ± 1.05ff	2.42 ± 1.90^**,##	.0014
Mean RR (s)	0.760 ± 0.09	0.71 ± 0.09^*,ff	0.657 ± 0.11^***,#	<.0001
SDNN (s)	0.027 ± 0.012	0.026 ± 0.009	0.022 ± 0.009	.0685
RMSSD (ms)	28.10 ± 18.42	26.20 ± 15.80	20.32 ± 14.16	.1100
At 31st week
TP (ms^2)	143.26 ± 86.53	112.84 ± 50.80^*,fff,a	70.51 ± 49.33^***,##	<.0001
LFnu	54.51 ± 22.83f	57.21 ± 22.60fff,a	67.84 ± 23.70*	.0415
HFnu	45.48 ± 22.83	41.40 ± 20.60fff	35.65 ± 18.10	.1588
LF-HF ratio	2.01 ± 1.20ff,a	2.21 ± 1.45fff,aaa	3.14 ± 2.10^**,##	.0051
Mean RR (s)	0.689 ± 0.13fff,a	0.67 ± 0.13fff,aa	0.624 ± 0.11	.1074
SDNN (s)	0.028 ± 0.020	0.025 ± 0.01	0.022 ± 0.010	.1433
RMSSD (ms)	27.29 ± 16.79	20.80 ± 14.90^*,fff,a	18.05 ± 12.10^*,f	.0240

The values are mean ± SD; analysis of each parameter between the groups and across the three weeks was done by one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey-Kramer post hoc. The * mark indicates comparison with control group and the ^# mark indicates comparison with study group I. *𝑃<.05; **𝑃<.01; ***𝑃<.001; ^# 𝑃<.05; ^## 𝑃<.01; ^### 𝑃<.001. The f indicates comparison with the 12th week and the a indicates comparison with the 24th week of respective groups. f 𝑃<.05; ^fff𝑃<.001; ^a𝑃<.05; (𝑛=29 in study group at the 31st week).